Adaptation by binding: a learning account of cognitive control

The Interruptive Effect of Pain in a Multitask Environment: An Experimental Investigation

“…This finding may be explained by the fact that the task which is associated with pain anticipation (and also pain) becomes more arousing and more active than the other tasks. 46 It may then be more difficult to switch from a dominant task towards another task, whereas repeating the dominant task may become easier. Further investigation is warranted on exactly when anticipation of pain interferes with task performance.…”

Learning, the P3, and the Locus Coeruleus-Norepinephrine System

“…Since the publication of the LC-P3 theory (Nieuwenhuis et al, 2005), researchers have advanced several new accounts that build on the role of phasic LC responses in learning (Bouret & Sara, 2005;Dayan & Yu, 2006;Verguts & Notebaert, 2009). These accounts may enhance our understanding of the P3 literature.…”

“…increased x i and x j in Equation 1; cf. Verguts & Notebaert, 2009) may promote larger adjustments in current probabilistic beliefs, speeding learning and enhancing memory.…”

Role of prior knowledge in implicit and explicit learning of artificial grammars

“…What is less clear is what happens when prior knowledge is incongruent with the stimuli. According to conflict monitoring theory (e.g., Botvinick, Braver, Barch, Carter, & Cohen, 2001;Verguts & Notebaert, 2009), when a stimulus or a situation involves conflict, the cognitive system allocates more attentional resources to adapt to the relevant situation, which, in turn, reduces the influence of irrelevant information. According to the predictive coding approach, stimuli are coded precisely in terms of the extent to which they violate expectations (Clark, 2013).…”

“…Conflict monitoring theory (e.g., Botvinick et al, 2001;Verguts & Notebaert, 2009) leads us to expect that the conflict between prior expectations and structural stimulus aspects in the inconsistent condition increased participants' attention to distance information, leading to greater use of distance knowledge and to greater learning of chunks that could be defined as distances.…”