Adaptation by COD and Saithe to pressure changes

Tytler, P.; Blaxter, J. H. S.

doi:10.1016/0077-7579(73)90030-6

Cited by 67 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This indicates a sense of pressure, which has previously been found in a variety of adult and larval fishes, but not in coral reef fish larvae. In adults, pressure sensitivity has been demonstrated by reflexive 'yawning' responses (McCutcheon 1966), by conditioning fish to associate pressure changes with food (Dijkgraaf 1941) (Tytler & Blaxter 1973), and by electrophysiological recordings (Koshtojanz & Vassilenko 1937). In larvae, pressure sensitivity has been demonstrated by swimbladder inflation (Govoni & Hoss 2001) and barokinesis (Qasim et al 1963).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barokinesis and depth regulation by pelagic coral reef fish larvae

Huebert¹

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barokinesis and depth regulation by pelagic coral reef fish larvae

Huebert¹

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Such movements need not be large to be effective, however. Behavioural experiments have shown that fish are capable of detecting pressure changes equivalent to 0.05 m or less of water pressure at the surface (Qutob 1962;Blaxter & Tytler 1972;Tytler & Blaxter 1973). The same fractional change in pressure would result from a vertical displacement of approximately 0.1 m at a depth of 10 m, and from a vertical displacement of approximately 0.5 m at a depth of 100 m. It follows that the vertical movements needed to drive the pressure sensors of a fish above threshold are small in comparison with the resolution that is likely to be required of a depth measurement system for navigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Teleosts are acutely sensitive to changes in pressure (Qutob 1962;Blaxter & Tytler 1972;Tytler & Blaxter 1973), which they sense primarily by registering changes in the volume of their gas-filled swim-bladder. Those teleosts that have lost the swim-bladder do appear to be able to sense changes in hydrostatic pressure, but with rather lower acuity than other teleosts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractional rate of change of swim-bladder volume is reliably related to absolute depth during vertical displacements in teleost fish

Taylor

Holbrook

Perera

2010

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Fish must orient in three dimensions as they navigate through space, but it is unknown whether they are assisted by a sense of depth. In principle, depth can be estimated directly from hydrostatic pressure, but although teleost fish are exquisitely sensitive to changes in pressure, they appear unable to measure absolute pressure. Teleosts sense changes in pressure via changes in the volume of their gas-filled swim-bladder, but because the amount of gas it contains is varied to regulate buoyancy, this cannot act as a long-term steady reference for inferring absolute pressure. In consequence, it is generally thought that teleosts are unable to sense depth using hydrostatic pressure. Here, we overturn this received wisdom by showing from a theoretical physical perspective that absolute depth could be estimated during fast, steady vertical displacements by combining a measurement of vertical speed with a measurement of the fractional rate of change of swim-bladder volume. This mechanism works even if the amount of gas in the swimbladder varies, provided that this variation occurs over much longer time scales than changes in volume during displacements. There is therefore no a priori physical justification for assuming that teleost fish cannot sense absolute depth by using hydrostatic pressure cues.

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“…In the smallest G. morhua, this implies an almost doubling of swimbladder volume, which may approach the limit for their capabilities. 20 Swimbladder adjustment is a low-cost solution but is slow (up to a day or 2), 21,22 meanwhile compensation must occur through active swimming which is energetically expensive. 19,23 Such excess energy use will reduce the aerobic scope available for other processes 24 and this may be part of the explanation for the lower gastric performance observed two days postsurgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of gastric evacuation rate in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L surgically implanted with a dummy telemetry device

et al. 2011

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The current study investigated how the gastric evacuation rate (GER) was affected after surgically introducing dummies of a blood flow biotelemetry system into the abdominal cavity of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. Gastric evacuation experiments were performed two and 10 days postsurgery on surgically implanted and control G. morhua force-fed sandeel, Ammodytes tobianus. The results were compared with previously obtained estimates from unstressed conspecifics voluntarily feeding on a similar diet. After two days, GER was significantly lower in the group of fish with the dummy implants compared with the control group, but following 10 days of recovery no significant difference was seen between the two groups. The difference between implanted and control fish observed two days postsurgery may have resulted either from surgery, postsurgical stress and/or the presence of the implant. The conclusion is that 10 days of postsurgical recovery will stabilize GER in G. morhua, thus indicating that at this point the implant per se did not affect GER. Both the fish with surgical implants and controls in this study evacuated their stomachs much slower and with much higher interindividual variation compared with G. morhua feeding voluntarily on similar prey items. The lower GER and higher interindividual variation for force-fed fish indicate that handling, anaesthetization and force-feeding impair GER and that individual fish respond differently to the suppressing effects. Invasive procedures are often necessary for the physiologist to understand the mechanisms behind various physiological parameters. In fish, measurements of cardiovascular parameters such as blood flow and blood pressure involve handling, anaesthesia and surgical implantation of catheters and flow probes in and around vessels and sutures to close the incisions. In traditional laboratory experiments, standard bench top blood pressure and blood flow measuring units are used, which means that the animals are 'hardwired' to the equipment during the experiments. Catheters and leads from flow probes penetrate the body wall and increase the risk of infection. Furthermore, to prevent tangling and ripping of wires the animals are most often confined in small containers, which severely limit the range over which they can move with the risk of introducing confinement stress. The animals are usually left for 18 -48 h before experimentation is initiated, the main reason for such shorts periods being the high risk of infection after an extensive surgery.1 In cases where catheters are used, limits on the time where these will remain open may also be decisive. However, unless appropriate recovery time is ensured following surgical procedures and instrumentation, major concerns are the validity of data and ethical considerations. In a study on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss using bioelectric potential recordings to measure heart rate, fH (i.e. a non-invasive method) the fish were handled and then left to recover for at least three days after which their basal heart r...

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Adaptation by COD and Saithe to pressure changes

Cited by 67 publications

References 13 publications

Barokinesis and depth regulation by pelagic coral reef fish larvae

Barokinesis and depth regulation by pelagic coral reef fish larvae

Fractional rate of change of swim-bladder volume is reliably related to absolute depth during vertical displacements in teleost fish

Recovery of gastric evacuation rate in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L surgically implanted with a dummy telemetry device

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