Adaptation Capacity of Norway Spruce Provenances in Western Latvia

Zeltiņš, Pauls; Katrevičs, Juris; Gailis, Arnis; Maaten, Tiit; Desaine, Iveta; Jansons, Āris

doi:10.3390/f10100840

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Zināms, ka piemērota stādmateriāla izmantošana var mazināt klimata (pārmaiņu) ietekmi uz mežsaimniecību . Līdz šim selekcija galvenokārt veikta augšanas un stumbra kvalitātes uzlabošanai , arvien vairāk pievēršoties pazīmēm, kas ietekmē koku adaptāciju klimata pārmaiņām (Ekberg et al, 1985;Zeltiņš et al, 2019;.…”

Section: Publikāciju Saraksts / List Of Publicationsunclassified

“…Adaptāciju raksturojošās pazīmes, kā plaukšanas laiks, sausuma izturība, salcietība u.c., ir ģenētiski determinētas Chen et al, 2017;Trujillo-Moya et al, 2018), bet konkrētu populāciju ietvaros šo pazīmju ģenētiskā variācija var būt ierobežota. Straujākai adaptācijai un audžu ražības nodrošināšanai tiek meklēti risinājumi, kombinējot sēklu materiāla pārvietošanu uz klimatiski piemērotākiem reģioniem un selekciju (O'Neill et al, 2014;Klisz et al, 2019;Zeltiņš et al, 2019). Tomēr šo risinājumu efektivitāte ir tieši atkarīga no izpratnes par pieauguma veidošanos ietekmējošajiem faktoriem un to ģenētiski noteikto variāciju, kā arī no stādot atjaunotās platības un tās īpatsvara.…”

Section: Publikāciju Saraksts / List Of Publicationsunclassified

“…Use of suitable planting material can decrease the impact of climate (change) impact on forestry . Up until now selection has mainly been used to improve growth and stem quality , increasingly focusing on traits which influence tree adaptability to climate change (Ekberg et al, 1985;Zeltiņš et al, 2019;.…”

Section: Scope Of the Thesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are genetically determined Chen et al, 2017;Trujillo-Moya et al, 2018), but genetic variation of these traits within specific population can be limited. A search for new solutions to promote a faster adaptation and stand productivity is in process, combining seed material transfer (to climatically more suitable regions) and selection (O'Neill et al, 2014;Klisz et al, 2019;Zeltiņš et al, 2019). However, the effectiveness of these solutions depends directly on the understanding about factors that impact increment development and their genetically determined variation, and also on the area reforested by planting and its proportion.…”

Section: Scope Of the Thesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Augstuma pieauguma mainība parastās egles (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) Tīraudzēs juvenilā vecumā = Variation of height growth of young pure Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) Stands

Jansone¹

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Norway spruce is economically the most important tree species in Northern Europe; therefore, its productivity and vitality have key role in the forest management of this region. Tree height is directly linked to the productivity of the stand and is affected by growing conditions and tree genetics. Height increment in young stands determines the further development of the stand therefore, it is important to evaluate the effect of various factors on tree height growth during this stage and assess the possibilities to improve it with silvicultural measures and tree breeding. This doctoral thesis aims to assess the effect of microenvironmental conditions and genetics on the height increment of Norway spruce at a juvenile age in planted hemiboreal forests in Latvia. The doctoral thesis summarizes seven thematically linked scientific publications, and their results indicate the possibilities for substantial improvement of the growth of Norway spruce at a juvenile age. Tree height is considerably and significantly affected by the type of soil preparation and soil fertilization with wood ash a year before planting or by applying additional fertilizer during the planting process. Furthermore, the effect of these forest management measures lasts for at least the next 10 years. Providing favorable microenvironmental conditions considerably increases the proportion of spruces with lammas shoots, which in turn, increases the total height increment of these trees. A positive feedback loop exists between the presence of apical lammas shoots and the tree height increment, leading to increased tree height in young stands. The occurrence of lammas shoots and the intra-annual development of the height increment is genetically determined. Growth intensity (mm per day) for progenies from open-pollinated families of plus-trees with larger height increment culminated later in the season, had higher growth intensity at the active growth phase and remained high for a longer period.

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Section: Publikāciju Saraksts / List Of Publicationsunclassified

Section: Scope Of the Thesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scope Of the Thesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Augstuma pieauguma mainība parastās egles (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) Tīraudzēs juvenilā vecumā = Variation of height growth of young pure Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) Stands

Jansone¹

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“…Egles audžu attīstībai un klimatam (t.sk., vēja klimatam) novērojamas reģionālas atšķirības pat salīdzinoši nelielā teritorijā, kāda ir Latvija (Zeltiņš et al, 2019). Tādēļ egles audžu ilgtermiņa saglabāšanās raksturošanai izvēlēti meža masīvi Latvijas austrumu un rietumu daļā, attiecīgi Dviete un Vāne.…”

Section: Egļu Mežaudžu Sastāva Saglabāšanāsunclassified

The effect of root rot and bark-stripping on wind stability of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) = Parastās egles (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) vēja noturības izmaiņas sakņu trupes un stumbra mizas bojājumu ietekmē

Krišāns¹

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Climate change causes gradual decline of economic value of Norway spruce forestry except in boreal and hemiboreal forest zones that will remain suitable for this tree species. However, also in this region frequency and scale of damages caused by natural disturbances (abiotic and biotic factors) are expected to increase. Norway spruce will remain its economic significance and role in carbon sequestration in Latvia, if forest management practices will be changed to prevent or minimize the damages caused by natural disturbances. Information on effect of natural disturbances and their interactions on trees is vital for development of recommendations for adaptation of forestry to climate change. The aim of the thesis is to assess the effect of root rot and bark-stripping on possibility of wind induced damages in Norway spruce stands. Tree mechanical stability was primarily determined by its stem volume; however, the presence of damages, caused by biotic agents, such as root rot and bark-stripping, significantly reduced it. Morphometric parameters of Norway spruce stem and root plate differed significantly between stands on drained peat and mineral soils. Root-rot notably and significantly affected mechanical stability of trees regardless of soil type and volume of root-soil plate, resulting in similar reduction of wind load necessary to cause both primary and secondary failure. Consequences of bark-stripping primarily affected root-soil anchorage, more commonly causing uprooting than stem fracture. Most pronounced was reduction of resistance against primary failure. Changing wind climate, high population density of cervids and presence of root-rot will lead to increased risk of damages caused by (repeated) storms and subsequent legacy effects. The survival of forest stands depends on dimensions of trees and exposure time to different damaging agents, and, at current climate and silvicultural practice, was significantly reduced when transitioning into third age class (41-60 years). Targeted forestry, ensuring planting of improved material, lower initial density, timely precommercial thinning and thus ensuring faster reach of the tree dimension required for final harvest will reduce the time when stands are subjected to significant wind damage risk, thus minimizing the possibility of such disturbance and boosting value of Norway spruce stands.

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Boreal tree species change as a climate mitigation strategy: impact on ecosystem C and N stocks and soil nutrient levels

et al. 2021

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To increase the annual uptake of CO 2 as well as the long-term storage of carbon (C) in forests, the Norwegian government consider large-scale replacements of native, deciduous forests with fastergrowing species like Norway spruce. To assess the effects of tree species change on ecosystem C and nitrogen (N) stocks and soil chemistry, we used a paired plot approach including stands of native downy birch and planted 45-to 60-yr-old Norway spruce. The birch stands were used as reference for the assessment of differences following the tree species change. We found significantly higher C and N stocks in living tree biomass in the spruce stands, whereas no significant differences were found for dead wood. The cover of understory species groups, and the C and N stocks of the aboveground understory vegetation were significantly higher in the birch stands. The tree species change did not affect the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock down to 1 m soil depth; however, the significantly higher stock in the forest floor of the spruce stands suggested a re-distribution of SOC within the profile. There was a significant positive correlation between the SOC stock down to 30 cm soil depth and the total ecosystem C stock for the birch stands, and a negative correlation for the spruce stands. Significant effects of tree species change were found for C and N concentrations, C/N, exchangeable acidity, base saturation, and exchangeable Ca, K, Mg, Na, S, and Fe in the organic horizon or the upper mineral soil layer. The total ecosystem C stock ranged between 197 and 277 Mg/ha for the birch stands, and 297 and 387 Mg/ha for the spruce stands. The ecosystem C accumulation varied between 32 and 142 Mg/ha over the past 45-60 yr, whereas the net ecosystem C capture was considerably lower and potentially negative. Our results suggest that the potential to meet the governments' targets to increase C sequestration depend on the C debt incurred from the removed birch stands, the rotation length, and potentially also the susceptibility of the different stand types to future risk factors related to climate change.

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Adaptation Capacity of Norway Spruce Provenances in Western Latvia

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

Augstuma pieauguma mainība parastās egles (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) Tīraudzēs juvenilā vecumā = Variation of height growth of young pure Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) Stands

Augstuma pieauguma mainība parastās egles (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) Tīraudzēs juvenilā vecumā = Variation of height growth of young pure Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) Stands

The effect of root rot and bark-stripping on wind stability of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) = Parastās egles (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) vēja noturības izmaiņas sakņu trupes un stumbra mizas bojājumu ietekmē

Boreal tree species change as a climate mitigation strategy: impact on ecosystem C and N stocks and soil nutrient levels

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