Adaptation of Crops to Warmer Climates: Morphological and Physiological Mechanisms

Ullah, Najeeb; Tan, Daniel K. Y.; Sarwar, Muhammad Kaleem; Ali, Shafaqat

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77878-5_2

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Climate variability is among the major determinants of global crop yields, including wheat (Najeeb et al, 2019; Ray et al, 2015) and strongly impedes plant breeding (Chapman et al, 2012). A significant increase in the frequency of extreme temperatures, particularly during grain filling has been recorded in the major wheat production regions such as Australia during the past 30 years (Ababaei and Chenu, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust field-based method to screen heat tolerance in wheat

Ullah

Christopher

Frederiks³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Wheat crops are highly sensitive to elevated temperatures, particularly during pollen meiosis and early grain filling. As the impact of heat stress greatly depends on the developmental stage of a crop, wheat germplasm ranking for heat tolerance in field experiments may be confounded by variation in developmental phase between genotypes at the time of heat events. Deploying an artificial-photoperiod-extension method (PEM) has allowed screening of diverse genotypes at matched developnemtal phases during natural heat events despite phenological varations. Irrigated experiments with 32 wheat genotypes were conducted in south-east Queensand, Australia with either (i) the PEM or (ii) conventional field plots. The Ppaired PEM and conventional field plot trials were sown at differentwith serial sowing dates from June to September.. In the PEM, plants were sown in single rows or in small plots and artificial supplemental lighting was installed at one end of each row/plot, extending day length to 20 h close to the lights. The intensity of supplementary lighting diminished as the distance from the lights increased, and induced a gradient of flowering times along each row/plot. Spikes of each genotype were tagged when they flowered. Late-sown crops received more heat shocks during early and/or mid-grainfilling than earlier sowings, and suffered significant yield losses. Significant genotypic differences in heat tolerance ranking were observed between PEM versus conventional plot screening. Individual grain weight of the tested wheat genotypes was strongy correlated in the PEM plots experiencing a similar degree of heat, but the correlation was either poor or negative in conventional plot trials. With PEM, we successfully quantified the impact post-flowering heat on individual grain weight of wheat genotypes with the heat events occurring precisely at a specific developmental stage. The PEM results produced robust field based rankings of genotypes for heat tolerance within trials experiencing similar heat events. This method promises to improve the efficiency of heat tolerance field screening, particularly when comparing genotypes of different maturity types.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust field-based method to screen heat tolerance in wheat

Ullah

Christopher

Frederiks³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The effects of climate variability on sunflower crops were random, probably because of being a more drought-tolerant crop suitable for regions affected with water scarcity, and because of crop management and cultural practices (irrigation and pesticide application which is a common practice) (Debaeke et al ., 2017). Many studies confirm that vulnerability to climate variability can significantly vary from crop to crop and, for example, summer crops have a physiological higher tolerance to warm climates (Gay et al ., 1991; Najeeb et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking crop yields in Tuscany, Italy, to large-scale atmospheric variability, circulation regimes and weather types

et al. 2020

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The paper presents results from a study examining the relationship between large-scale modes of climate variability with the fluctuations in the yield of barley, durum wheat, olives and sunflower crops in Tuscany, Italy. In particular, the blocking circulation over the growing season, with associated hot and dry conditions, decreased yield for olive crops, barley and durum wheat. The teleconnections analysed in this study are the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Summer North Atlantic Oscillation (SNAO); the West African Monsoon (WAM) and the Intertropical Front (ITF); and although NAO, SNAO, ITF and WAM are not strictly related to each other, the values of these indices are strongly related to the atmospheric circulation regimes and related weather types. Thus, they have an impact on precipitation and temperature patterns in Italy and on yields of important crops in Tuscany. Results show that the large-scale temperate and tropical variability directly influences the crop yield through three main circulation regimes. These patterns illustrate the importance of the large-scale modes, which, together with the associated weather types, have an impact directly on Tuscan crop yields; both barley and olive yields decline significantly when the ITF is further north with warmer and drier conditions in Italy.

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“…El proceso de polinización puede diferir dependiendo del clima, características y topografía del lugar (Frisk et al, 2023;Aboulaich et al, 2013). Es probable que Dasylirion, al proliferar en zonas áridas, las condiciones climáticas desfavorables (CONABIO, 2022), son una amenaza para su reproducción sexual, debido a que interfieren para la maduración o dispersión del polen, las sequías frecuentes e intensas y las altas temperaturas, aumentan la esterilidad del polen por causa de daño celular (Schermer et al, 2020;Najeeb et al, 2019;Huang et al, 2015;Alonso et al, 2012). Para una fecundación exitosa se requiere polen funcional (Carrizo-García et al, 2017;Hormaza & Herrero, 1995), y debido a que las estructuras reproductivas, especialmente el polen, son altamente sensibles a los cambios drásticos del ambiente (Bykova et al, 2018), puede ser uno de los muchos factores que influyan en el porcentaje de frutos vacíos que presentaron las inflorescencias recolectadas.…”

Section: Producción De Frutos Por Plantaunclassified

GERMINACIÓN DE SEMILLAS DE Dasylirion spp. EN CONDICIONES DE LABORATORIO

Ortiz,

Velasco-Velasco,

Martínez-Gutiérrez

et al. 2023

RMAE

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La especie Dasylirion ssp. tiene importancia para las zonas áridas y semiáridas, con diversos usos. Se requieren estudios del crecimiento, la reproducción, la fisiología de las plantas y otros aspectos que permitan examinar a la especie. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar caracteres morfológicos de frutos de Dasylirion spp. (especie sin identificar), de la Mixteca oaxaqueña, como base para su proceso reproductivo. Se recolectaron escapos florales femeninos en San Andrés (SA), en San Jerónimo (SJ) y en Nochixtlán (Nx). Los ejes florales (tallo floral) midieron de 1.64 a 3.11 m y la inflorescencia midió de 0.99 a 1.38 m; el número de racimos por inflorescencia varió de 79 a 91 unidades y se cuantificó entre 48 y 365 frutos por racimo. Las plantas de SA mostraron 10 640 frutos por escapo y las de SJ mostraron 46 733; el color predominante fue rojo púrpura. El peso de 1000 frutos fluctuó de 0.69 a 2.22 g; el número de frutos kg-1 fue de 9 504 a 146 563, el número de frutos dependió de su peso, esto es, a mayor número de frutos menor peso; los frutos presentaron de 5.1 a 6.8 mm de diámetro polar y de 3.2 a 4.7 mm de diámetro ecuatorial; coeficiente de forma de 0.6 a 0.7 mm. La variabilidad morfológica observada, con base a la literatura, es atribuido a las condiciones ambientales en las que crecieron, su comportamiento sexual dioico y su polinización libre y cruzada.

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Adaptation of Crops to Warmer Climates: Morphological and Physiological Mechanisms

Cited by 7 publications

References 121 publications

A robust field-based method to screen heat tolerance in wheat

A robust field-based method to screen heat tolerance in wheat

Linking crop yields in Tuscany, Italy, to large-scale atmospheric variability, circulation regimes and weather types

GERMINACIÓN DE SEMILLAS DE Dasylirion spp. EN CONDICIONES DE LABORATORIO

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