Adaptation of methanogenic sludge to high ammonia-nitrogen concentrations

Velsen, A.F.M. van

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(79)90194-5

Cited by 187 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Mesophilic anaerobic digesters with free-ammonia levels of Ͻ50 mg/liter typically sustain high levels of the acetoclastic methanogen M. concilii (7), and increasing concentrations of ammonia inhibit these methanogens, primarily due to ammonia's effect on intracellular ion exchange (27). Our results are consistent with previous work with unadapted anaerobic digesters, which had shown that total ammonium-N levels above 1,000 to 2,000 mg NH 4 -N/liter and 50 to 100 mg free NH 3 -N/liter inhibited methanogenesis (7,10,14,17,30). For successful operation of digesters, it is therefore important to know how M. concilii responds to different ammonia levels.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

A Portable Anaerobic Microbioreactor Reveals Optimum Growth Conditions for the Methanogen Methanosaeta concilii

Steinhaus

García

Shen

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Conventional studies of the optimum growth conditions for methanogens (methane-producing, obligate anaerobic archaea) are typically conducted with serum bottles or bioreactors. The use of microfluidics to culture methanogens allows direct microscopic observations of the time-integrated response of growth. Here, we developed a microbioreactor (BR) with ϳ1-l microchannels to study some optimum growth conditions for the methanogen Methanosaeta concilii. The BR is contained in an anaerobic chamber specifically designed to place it directly onto an inverted light microscope stage while maintaining a N 2 -CO 2 environment. The methanogen was cultured for months inside microchannels of different widths. Channel width was manipulated to create various fluid velocities, allowing the direct study of the behavior and responses of M. concilii to various shear stresses and revealing an optimum shear level of ϳ20 to 35 Pa. Gradients in a single microchannel were then used to find an optimum pH level of 7.6 and an optimum total NH 4 -N concentration of less than 1,100 mg/liter (<47 mg/liter as free NH 3 -N) for M. concilii under conditions of the previously determined ideal shear stress and pH and at a temperature of 35°C.Microfluidic networks have recently gained importance for their wide variety of microbial applications. For example, microchannels were used by DiLuzio et al. (11) to examine the swimming behavior of Escherichia coli. DiLuzio et al. showed that E. coli sensed the presence of channel walls at distances of up to 10 m. Balagaddé et al. (5) built a microfluidic bioreactor containing a feedback control loop, which was able to correlate sustained oscillation in the cellular density of planktonic E. coli with morphological changes. The microfluidic networks used in these studies allowed researchers to directly observe the responses of microbial cells to various stimuli and provided new and unique insights into the growth and behavior of these cells. The use of microfluidics has become practicable because of the development of an inexpensive, biocompatible, and transparent but readily diffusive polymeric material (i.e., polydimethylsiloxane [PDMS]), which is used to construct micron-scale fluid networks in virtually any two-dimensional configuration (12, 23). Due to the extensive gas permeability of PDMS and the elevated cost of nondiffusive materials to construct microchannels, the application of microfluidics to the study of the growth and behavior of anaerobic microorganisms has been hindered.Conventional studies of the behavior of anaerobes, their responses to various stimuli, and their attachment have been performed with medium bottles or bioreactors ranging anywhere from several milliliters to several liters in size (2, 3, 6, 24). These systems serve to provide the anaerobic conditions necessary for growth. They do not, however, allow for any type of direct observation (without sampling disturbance) of microbe behavior, morphology, or the ability to attach to a matrix during growth. By utilizing microfluidics, ...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

A Portable Anaerobic Microbioreactor Reveals Optimum Growth Conditions for the Methanogen Methanosaeta concilii

Steinhaus

García

Shen

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…This TS concentration inside the reactor is appropriate for the anaerobic digestion of solid wastes, because the reported suitable range is between 10 and 50 g/L of TS [11][12][13]. The reported inhibitory ammonium concentration for methanogenic bacteria is between 3.5 and 18.3 g/L [12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. With an increase on the organic loading rate (from 1.5 to 2.5 kgVS/m 3 d) the total solids and ammonium concentrations increased gradually, over 50.0 and 5.0 g/L respectively, exceeding the recommended concentrations for biomethanization which could negatively affect the reactor behaviour.…”

Section: Analytical Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic Mono-Digestion of Turkey Manure: Efficient Revaluation to Obtain Methane and Soil Conditioner

Chamy¹,

Vivanco²,

Ramos³

2011

JWARP

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This work demonstrates the possibility to make a full valuation of a solid waste such as turkey manure, to obtain methane and a soil conditioner/fertilizer from turkey manure anaerobic digestion in a mesophilic pilot-scale continuous stirred tank reactor at different organic loading rates (OLR) (from 0.5 to 2.5 kgVS/m 3 d). The application of the anaerobic mono-digestion for the turkey manure treatment was an efficient alternative, because high volatile solids removal and methane were obtained in addition to obtaining a stabilized solid waste that can be applied as soil conditioner, based on its nutritional parameters and humic substances content. In this way, the turkey manure anaerobic digestion can be applied avoiding the co-digestion of the manure with other wastes and allows a process devoid of pollutant emissions, obtaining two products. The reactor operation depends on the OLR, and its operation does not allow an OLR above 1.5 kgVS/m 3 d. Higher OLR produced a decrease in the TS and VS removals and methane productivity.

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“…Free ammonia has been suggested to be the main cause of inhibition in anaerobic digesters due to its high membrane permeability (Kroeker et al, 1979;de Baere et al, 1984). Ammonia inhibition was reported to occur above pH 7.4 in the range of 1500-3000 mgTAN/L, whereas at concentrations in excess of 3000 mgTAN/L, ammonia was claimed to be toxic irrespective of pH (Van Velsen, 1979;Koster and Lettinga, 1984). A remarkable increase over time of hemicelluloses, celluloses and lignin content of raw co-digestate from reactors R4-R6 was also observed (Table 5).…”

Section: Continuous Anaerobic Digestion Experiments Start-up Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

The use of co-digested solid fraction as feedstock for biogas plants

Dinuccio

Gioelli

Cuk

et al. 2014

J Agricult Engineer

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A comparative study was set up in order to assess the technical feasibility of the long-term reuse of the mechanically separated co-digested solid fraction as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion plants (ADP). The biogas yields of two feedstock mixtures (A and B) were assessed in mesophilic conditions (40°C±2°C) using 6 lab-scale continuous stirredtank reactors. Feedstock mixture A (control) consisted of pig slurry (70%), farmyard manure (4%), sorghum silage (12%) and maize silage (14%). Feedstock mixture B was the same as the control plus the solid fraction derived from the mechanical separation of the output raw codigestate collected from the reactors. All reactors were fed simultaneously, three times a week, over a period of nine month. According to the study results, the reuse of the co-digested solid fraction as feedstock for ADP could increase the methane yield by approximately 4%. However, ADP efficiency evaluation (e.g., daily yield of methane per m 3 of digester) suggests limiting this practice to a maximum time period of 120 days.

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Adaptation of methanogenic sludge to high ammonia-nitrogen concentrations

Cited by 187 publications

References 4 publications

A Portable Anaerobic Microbioreactor Reveals Optimum Growth Conditions for the Methanogen Methanosaeta concilii

A Portable Anaerobic Microbioreactor Reveals Optimum Growth Conditions for the Methanogen Methanosaeta concilii

Anaerobic Mono-Digestion of Turkey Manure: Efficient Revaluation to Obtain Methane and Soil Conditioner

The use of co-digested solid fraction as feedstock for biogas plants

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