Adaptation strategies in energy sector enterprises

Abstract

Background Energy companies face challenges arising from the ecological, social and legal environment. The reduction of negative impact on the environment and society while maintaining sustainable development affects the formation of new development strategies. Adaptation strategy to external requirements is the subject of completed research. Methods As a new approach to carrying out strategic analysis, two models were used simultaneously (inductive and hypothetical-deductive) which allows for realization qualitative (interviews, observations) and quantitative (statistical analysis) research methods generally called multimode methods. That is why induction and hypothetical-deductive models were used in the study to correctly formulate generalizations and put forward appropriate hypotheses. The study was conducted on the basis of enterprises from the energy sector, and the adaptation strategy was presented as a new approach in the energy sector, moving out or proposing the theory of active and passive adaptation. The study analyzed the relationship between the macro environment (political, legal, social, technological) and the implemented adaptation strategy in energy enterprises. Results The results of the conducted surveys show the impact of macroenironmental elements on strategic decisions. Power companies quite highly assess the impact of the national and EU legal and political environment on the actions taken. There is also association in the decision process concerning the frequency of market analysis in the group of enterprises. Conclusion The issue of adapting the enterprise to the environment is concerning its involvement in the field of research and development (R + D). Depending on the size of the company, there is a difference in the number of companies carrying out research on their own side or by outsourcing. Regulations and the technological environment force innovations of energy companies in the direction of reducing harmful impact on the environment and society. Legal and political factors (both national and EU) determine the activities of power companies (in each group: small, medium and large) and determine the choice of adaptation strategies. The intensity of adaptation to the requirements of the environment changes depends on the size of the company. Power companies apply passive adaptation strategies and as they increase their position on the market, they begin to implement an active adaptation strategy.

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