Adaptation Strategies of Farm Animals to Water Shortage in Desert Areas

Alemneh, Tewodros; Akeberegn, Dawit

doi:10.34297/ajbsr.2019.02.000617

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Thyroid hormones play a signi cant role in the regulation of the basal metabolic rate. The thyroid gland contributes to the regulation of the growth, development, adaptation and productivity of farm animals (Petkov et al 2008;Alemneh and Akeberegn 2019). Knowledge on the thyroid pro le in the regulation of basal metabolic rate in the Tenyi-vo boar is scanty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Testicular Biometry, Steroid Hormones and Receptor Expression in the Peripubertal Period of Indigenous Tenyi-vo Male Pigs of North-eastern Himalayan Region in India

Patra

Kent

Ngullie

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Present study was conducted to characterize the testicular changes in the peripubertal period in Tenyi-vo, a miniature size pig of North-eastern Himalayan (NEH) region of India. A total of twenty-four male pigs were randomly selected and categorised for castration at different age groups, G1 (Days 30-45), G2 (Days 60-65), G3 (Days 80-100) and G4 (Days 150-160), n=6 each category. Paired testes and epididymis were used for the assessment of biometry, cauda epididymal spermiogram, testicular histology and relative expression of the androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), aromatase (CYP19A1), and insulin like growth factor-1β receptor (IGF-1R) in qPCR. Plasma testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and cortisol concentrations were estimated on the day of castration in each group of male using commercial ELISA kits. In pigs of G2, a greater testicular weight, volume, epididymis weight was observed relative to G1. The presence of live spermatozoa at 1240.9±304.2×106/mLconcentration with 0.65% proximal droplets was recorded as early as day 60. The concentration of T increased steadily over the age of G1 to G4 and a significantly higher concentration was observed in G4 relative to the other categories. Among the transcripts analysed in the testis, the relative fold change of AR was 10.8 fold in G2, which was subsequently reduced in G3 and then down-regulated in G4. CYP19A1 was abundantly expressed in the testis and the fold change ranged from 41-54 fold, although it did not differ significantly from 60-150 days of age. Further, the presence of well-developed seminiferous tubules was evident in the Tenyi-vo male from day 60 onward with a body weight as low as 4.28 kg. The study concluded that the male of Tenyi-vo pig attained puberty at the earliest age of 60 days.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Testicular Biometry, Steroid Hormones and Receptor Expression in the Peripubertal Period of Indigenous Tenyi-vo Male Pigs of North-eastern Himalayan Region in India

Patra

Kent

Ngullie

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Sebagaimana dinyatakan di atas, perubahan perilaku bukanlah satu-satunya proses yang dilakukan hewan sebagai bentuk adaptasi. Bukan semata-mata perilaku atau karakteristik fisik yang memungkinkan hewan beradaptasi dengan lingkungannya [20].…”

Section: Perilaku Adaptasiunclassified

Perilaku Makan, Adaptasi Dan Menghindari Predator Pada Hewan

Anggraeni,

Fikri,

JAENUDDIN

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Perilaku merupakan suatu akutivitas yang dilakukan oleh organisme yang terkait dengan respon ketika terdapat rangsangan ataupun stimulus. Setiap organisme memiliki respon yang berbeda-beda karena terdapat perbedaan antara satu organisme dengan organisme lainnya. Tujuan dari ulasan ini yaitu untuk mengetahui terkait perilaku makan, adaptasi dan menghindari predator pada beberapa jenis hewan yang mewakili. Perilaku makan pada hewan merupakan suatu kondisi terkait respon yang dimiliki setiap hewan terhadap makanan yang akan dikonsumsinya, dalam hal ini sifat spesifik makanan seperti ukuran dan warnanya. Makanan yang diperoleh hewan terlebih dahulu diproses dalam sistem fisiologis yang diawali dengan ingesti, digesti, kemudian absorpsi diakhiri dengan defekasi. Perilaku adaptasi merupakan tindakan berupa respon dari hewan dalam hal penyesuaian diri terhadap kondisi lingkungan sekitarnya dengan tujuan kelangsungan hidup spesies yang berkelanjutan. Beberapa jenis perilaku adaptasi, yakni adaptasi morfologi berupa perubahan secara fisik pada hewan, kemudian adaptasi fisiologis berupa perubahan metabolisme pada hewan, serta adaptasi perilaku berupa respon hewan yang dikaitkan dengan kondisi suhu sekitarnya. Perilaku menghindari predator merupakan respon yang dihasilkan oleh hewan dalam hal menghindari predator dengan tujuan mempertahankan kehidupannya. Beberapa perilaku menghindari predator pada hewan yaitu perilaku altruistik yang mengutamakan kelompok, kamuflase berupa pernyamaran dengan menyesuaikan kondisi lingkungan serta mimikri berupa penyamaran dengan perubahan warna kulit.

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“…These may develop over several generations as a result of animals' gradual adaptations to environmental obstacles. [96] states that farm animal adapts its phenotypic and physiological characteristics in response to its surroundings. Physical response, morphological response, blood biochemical response, neuroendocrine response, molecular and cellular response, metabolic response, and behavioral response are among these characters that are most significant.…”

Section: Animal Adaptation To Climate Induced Water Stress and Produc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arid and semi-arid tropics are characterized by a lack of water for livestock, which frequently exacerbates the effects of heat stress in animal hence compromising performance. Due to a water shortage brought on by climate change, heat stress appears to be the main factor severely affecting cow productivity, reproduction, and growth [4]. Depending on the hydrological model, climate change scenarios, and downscaling techniques employed, the expected consequences of climate change on hydrology and water resources may vary in different river basins [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Impact on Small-Scale Animal Agriculture: Livestock Water & Food Security in Africa

Assan

2022

UJFS

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Water is essential for food security and animal agricultural productivity, but it is becoming more scarce due to climate change. The interaction between climate change and livestock water resources has received little attention from researchers, despite the significance of small-scale animal husbandry for the rural poor in Africa and the size of the changes that are anticipated to have an impact on smallholder livestock systems. Threats to livestock water are undoubtedly one of the most significant environmental issues that have impacted food security on the continent, given their links to small-scale animal husbandry and the detrimental impacts on productivity. In order to balance the negative effects of climate change scenarios for sustainable animal productivity and contribute to food security through small-scale animal agriculture, the most climate-smart and resilient agricultural water practices and technologies must be used. Changes in rainfall and a decline in the biomass available for grazing and rangelands as a result of water stress brought on by the climate would have the most severe effects. This is due to the rain-fed nature of small-scale livestock farming. The local animal genetic resources are essential for animal productivity and food security in Africa, particularly in areas where livestock water is becoming scarce owing to climate change. Research and development goals on the effects of climate change on livestock water, animal productivity, and food security may need to be reviewed if demands of vulnerable small-scale animal producers are to be successfully addressed in the future decades. It is best to use an interdisciplinary approach to comprehend the relationships between small-scale animal husbandry, food security, and climate change. By navigating the complexities of climate adaptation, small-scale livestock farmers can manage livestock water scarcity by taking adaptation measures that are in line with evolving climate impacts and associated means of implementation based on pertinent and useful knowledge that takes into account a blend of traditional and modern water science. In this paper, an effort is made to close some significant information gaps and shed light on how waterinduced stress impacts small-scale animal production, which has an effect on food security.

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Adaptation Strategies of Farm Animals to Water Shortage in Desert Areas

Abstract: This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License AJBSR.MS.ID.000617

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Changes in Testicular Biometry, Steroid Hormones and Receptor Expression in the Peripubertal Period of Indigenous Tenyi-vo Male Pigs of North-eastern Himalayan Region in India

Changes in Testicular Biometry, Steroid Hormones and Receptor Expression in the Peripubertal Period of Indigenous Tenyi-vo Male Pigs of North-eastern Himalayan Region in India

Perilaku Makan, Adaptasi Dan Menghindari Predator Pada Hewan

Climate Change Impact on Small-Scale Animal Agriculture: Livestock Water & Food Security in Africa

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Adaptation Strategies of Farm Animals to Water Shortage in Desert Areas

Abstract: This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License AJBSR.MS.ID.000617

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Changes in Testicular Biometry, Steroid Hormones and Receptor Expression in the Peripubertal Period of Indigenous Tenyi-vo Male Pigs of North-eastern Himalayan Region in India

Changes in Testicular Biometry, Steroid Hormones and Receptor Expression in the Peripubertal Period of Indigenous Tenyi-vo Male Pigs of North-eastern Himalayan Region in India

Perilaku Makan, Adaptasi Dan Menghindari Predator Pada Hewan

Climate Change Impact on Small-Scale Animal Agriculture: Livestock Water &#x26; Food Security in Africa

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Product

Resources

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Climate Change Impact on Small-Scale Animal Agriculture: Livestock Water & Food Security in Africa