Adaptation to Starch in Steers Fed by Nipple Pail

Huber, J.T.; Natrajan, S.; Polan, C.E.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(67)87584-2

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Judging from the results of this work, increasing the extent of starch digestion in the small intestine of ruminants appears to be one of the most important problems to be solved for the practical use of the oesophageal groove reflex as a method of avoiding rumen fermentation and increasing the efficiency of diet utilization. Any increase in the ability of starch 48 1 digestion posterior to rumen cannot be expected by the adaptation to starch (Huber et al 1967). One of the possible methods to increase starch digestion in the small intestine may be a gelatinization, as was suggested by Huber et al (1961).…”

Section: Eflciency Of Liquid Feedingmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Any increase in the ability of starch 48 1 digestion posterior to rumen cannot be expected by the adaptation to starch (Huber et al 1967). One of the possible methods to increase starch digestion in the small intestine may be a gelatinization, as was suggested by Huber et al (1961). The other method might be to supply starch or starchy materials little by little to the intestine of ruminants.…”

Section: Eflciency Of Liquid Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the contrary, some workers reported that the starch having passed from the rumen disappeared almost completely from the small intestine of steers (Karr, Little & Mitchell, 1966) and of mature sheep (Wright, Grainger & Marco, 1966). Many other workers, on the other hand, reported various starch digestibilities in the intestine of older calves ranging from 0.60 to 0.80 (Noller, Ward, McGilliard, Huffman & Duncan, 1956;Huber et al 1961 ;Natrajan, Polan, Chandler, Jahn & Huber, 1972). Apparent NFE digestibility determined in this work for LFG ghen F2 was below the range of 0.60-0.80, but it may be explained by the difference in the experimental conditions, especially in dietary conditions.…”

Section: Digestion Of Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been recognized that the extent of starch digestion posterior to the rumen increases with age of animals (Huber, Natrajan & Polan, 1968). However, Huber et al (1961) reported that no appreciable change was detected in the level of blood reducing sugar when tapioca starch was introduced directly into the abomasal region of cattle aged from 22 to 660 d, predicting that a considerably large part of the starch digestion posterior to the rumen is due to fermentation in the large intestine. Coombe & Smith (1974) showed that the starch digestibility in small intestine of bull calves aged between 4 and 20 weeks was approximately 0.50-0.70, and suggested that the fermentation in large intestine was responsible for the disappearance of some of the starch.…”

Section: Digestion Of Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…'Nipple'-feeding was adopted by many workers as a method of escaping rumen fermentation and directing supplemental proteins (IZlrskov, Fraser & Corse, 1970;Lawlor & Hopkins, 1971;0rskov, Fraser & Pirie, 1973;Robinson el al. 1977), or carbohydrates (Huber, Jacobson, McGilliard & Allen, 1961 ;Huber, Natrajan & Polan, 1967;Orskov, Mayes & Mann, 1972;Coombe & Smith, 1974) to the abomasal region of ruminants. However, very limited information is available about the effects of a concentrate diet consisting of common foodstuffs by-passing the rumen to escape fermentation in it.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of liquid feeding of concentrate from a pail on growth and on the digestibility of the diet in young calves

Abe¹,

Shibui²,

Iriki³

et al. 1978

Br J Nutr

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1. Studies were done on the effects of giving calves two types of concentrate diet, both in a liquid form from an open pail or in a dry pelleted form, on the closure of oesophageal groove, body-weight gains and the digestibility of rations. 2. Twenty-four Holstein calves were used in an experiment by dividing into two groups of twelve calves each. The 'dry-fed' group (DFG) was given a pelleted concentrate, F1, from 25 to 42 d of age, and then given another type of pelleted concentrate, F2, from 43 to 87 d of age, and again given F1 from 88 to 112 d of age. The 'liquid-fed' group (LFG) was given from a pail a liquid suspension of the equivalent amount of the same concentrates as those fed to DFG calves, for the same periods. F1 contained skim milk and glucose with lower levels of maize and soya-bean meal than F2 which did not contain skim milk or glucose; F1 and F2 were both supplemented with 10 g methionine/kg and also supplemented with lysine at 5 and 10 g/kg respectively. All calves were allowed free access to roughage, and digestibilities were measured at 12 and 16 weeks of age. 3. Wet weights of reticulo-rumen and abomasal tissues (% whole stomach weight) were respectively 69.8 and 17.6 in DFG, and 59.0 and 26.4 in LFG at 42 d of age; at 87 d of age, the corresponding values were 68.0 and 16.3 in DFG, and 52.8 and 36.6 in LFG, and further, LFG had significantly more developed caecums and large intestines as well as significantly less developed reticulo-rumens and omasums than DFG. 4. Free amino acid patterns in plasma did not vary in DFG, but varied in LFG in response to the change in diet from F1 to F2 and to the difference between diets in lysine supplementation. 5. Feeding F1 in a liquid form and F2 in a dry form significantly improved calf gains. The intake of roughage in DFG exceeded that in LFG especially when F2 was fed. 6. The digestibility of diethyl ether extracts did not vary with feeding procedures, but that of crude protein (nitrogen x 6.25) was significantly higher in DFG independent of the type of diet. Digestibilities of dry matter and N-free extracts were significantly higher in LFG for F1, while higher in DFG for F2. The digestibility of acid-detergent fibre did not differ significantly between groups at 12 weeks of age, but was significantly higher in LFG at 16 weeks of age, suggesting a possible compensatory contribution of the large intestine to the digestion of fibre in LFG. 7. The efficiency of liquid feeding of a concentrate diet to ruminants compared with that of dry feeding is discussed.

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Section: Eflciency Of Liquid Feedingmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Eflciency Of Liquid Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Digestion Of Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Digestion Of Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of liquid feeding of concentrate from a pail on growth and on the digestibility of the diet in young calves

Abe¹,

Shibui²,

Iriki³

et al. 1978

Br J Nutr

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References

1974

Intensive Beef Production

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Studies on the intake and utilization of wet feed by calves

Fitzgerald¹,

Kay²

1974

Anim. Sci.

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SUMMARYA latin square design with three periods of 3 weeks was used to measure the dry-matter intake, live-weight gain and water intake of 12 British Friesian calves offered an all-concentrate diet ad libitumin wet form. The diets contained 30% (B), 20% (C) or 15% (D) dry matter. A further six calves were given the same diet in dry form (A) throughout the experimental period. Digestibility and nitrogen balance were measured on four calves on each treatment at the end of the experimental period. In addition, two Ayrshire calves, each fitted with a permanent abomasal cannula, were used to study the site of digestion of the feed when given in dry or wet form.The mean dry-matter intakes of the calves given the dry and wet feeds were 75·5 and 80·8 g/kg W0·75 per day respectively and mean daily live-weight gains were 849 g for the calves on both types of feed. The mean dry-matter intakes of the calves given the wet diets were 80·9 (B), 81·2 (C) and 75·5 (D) g/kg W0·75 per day, and the live-weight gains (g/day) were 857 (B), 879 (C) and 812 (D). None of these differences were significant. The intake of water by the calves was significantly increased by reducing the dry-matter content of the diet. The form or dry-matter content of the diet offered had no effect on the digestibility of dry matter (76·1%), organic matter (77·9%), energy (75·8%) or crude protein (75·8%) or on nitrogen retention (32·5% of N intake).The rumen was the main site of digestion for all Tour diets and an average of only 7% of dietary starch passed undigested through the abomasum.

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Adaptation to Starch in Steers Fed by Nipple Pail

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of liquid feeding of concentrate from a pail on growth and on the digestibility of the diet in young calves

Effects of liquid feeding of concentrate from a pail on growth and on the digestibility of the diet in young calves

References

Studies on the intake and utilization of wet feed by calves

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