Adaptations to a geomagnetic field interpolation method in Southern Africa

Heyns, M. J.; Lotz, Stefan; Cilliers, Pierre J.; Gaunt, C.T.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2022.03.013

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Using the data of the magnetic field variations in one-minute resolution, the rates of change of the horizontal component of the magnetic field dH/dt were calculated. Both horizontal components of the field Вх and Ву influence the magnitude of the GIC, but the full horizontal component H, which is close in magnitude to Bx (i.e., the component approximately coincides with the main field of the Earth), usually has a large value (Heyns et al, 2021). Figure 2b shows the values of the rate of change of the horizontal component of the Due to the significant size of the study territory in the latitudinal direction, we decided to use linearly approximated values as input data for modeling, and not just a uniform magnetic field.…”

Section: Geomagnetic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Geomagnetically Induced Currents in High‐Voltage Power Lines for the Territory of Kazakhstan

Andreyev,

Mukasheva,

Kapytin

et al. 2023

Space Weather

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Extreme solar events, such as powerful solar flares are accompanied by the release of strong solar disturbances, such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The impact of CMEs on the Earth's magnetosphere causes geomagnetic storms, which trigger geomagnetic effects measurable in the ionosphere, upper atmosphere, and on and in the ground. During extreme cases, rapidly changing geomagnetic fields generate intense geomagnetically induced currents (GICs), which can cause dramatic effects on man‐made technological systems, including transmission lines and pipelines. In countries with large territories such as Kazakhstan, long power lines contribute to high values of induced currents during periods of extreme geoeffective solar events. It is of interest to estimate the values of GICs in an extensive network of power lines on the territory of Kazakhstan. However, there are no estimations of induced currents in power lines in Kazakhstan, and most estimation techniques are made difficult because of absence of field measurements of Earth conductivity. This study aims to model geoelectric fields on the surface of the Earth for Kazakhstan and to estimate the values of the GICs in 500 kV power lines. This study also compares between two methods for calculating induced voltages in power lines: one based on linear paths and the other based on curvilinear paths between substations of transmission power lines.

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Section: Geomagnetic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Geomagnetically Induced Currents in High‐Voltage Power Lines for the Territory of Kazakhstan

Andreyev,

Mukasheva,

Kapytin

et al. 2023

Space Weather

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“…In this case, we interpolated δB by using Spherical Elementary Current Systems (SECS) (Amm, 1997). This robust non‐spectral technique allows us to estimate δB even with data from a few distant observatories (Caraballo et al., 2013; Heyns et al., 2022). The SECS algorithm simulates the external source of δB by placing a system of divergence‐free current poles at the mean height of the E layer (≈110 km).…”

Section: Numerical Modeling Of Gic In the Mexican Power Gridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Model for GIC Calculation in the Mexican Power Grid

Caraballo,

González‐Esparza,

Pacheco

et al. 2023

Space Weather

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We present the first observations of geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in the Mexican power grid and an improved model to calculate them. The new model comprises ca. 250 substations working at various voltage levels, a methodology to estimate geomagnetic disturbances (δB) at different points throughout the Mexican territory, and a 1D piecewise model that considers lateral variations in the ground conductivity. This is an improvement of a former uniform conductivity model presented previously to calculate our first GIC estimates (Caraballo et al., 2020). We compared the observed and calculated GIC between August and November 2021 at a coastal 400 kV substation. During this interval, five geomagnetic storms occurred (G1 and G2). The observed GIC exceeded 10 A during the most strong event; this shows a clear grid response even under weak geomagnetic perturbations that occurred during the solar minimum. Further comparison with the results of the former model suggests that the new 1D piecewise model yields better GIC estimates for the Mexican power grid.

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Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)-Based GIC Prediction Using dB/dt as a Proxy

Zainuddin,

Hairuddin,

Latiff

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) pose a significant threat to power systems during geomagnetic storms. This work introduces a GRU approach for GICs forecasting based on the rate of change of the geomagnetic field, dB/dt at two low-latitude stations, Muntinlupa (MUT) and Guam (GUA). The performances of the model were evaluated based on the data collected from the Solar Cycle 23 (SC23) as training data, and Solar Cycle 24 (SC24) at the validation stage. The GRU model demonstrated good predictive accuracy with low RMSE values, particularly for MUT model (RMSE = 0.00917). MUT shows higher predictive accuracy and generalizability across MUT station itself and GUA station. This work underlines the potential of GRU models for GIC prediction, providing a foundation for more robust forecasting tools to mitigate the impacts of geomagnetic disturbances on power systems.

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Adaptations to a geomagnetic field interpolation method in Southern Africa

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Estimating Geomagnetically Induced Currents in High‐Voltage Power Lines for the Territory of Kazakhstan

Estimating Geomagnetically Induced Currents in High‐Voltage Power Lines for the Territory of Kazakhstan

Improved Model for GIC Calculation in the Mexican Power Grid

Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)-Based GIC Prediction Using dB/dt as a Proxy

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