Adapting dwellings for heat waves

Porritt, Stephen; Shao, Li; Cropper, Paul C.; Goodier, Chris I.

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2011.02.004

Cited by 85 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…If the average temperature were to rise more, to 2.48C, for example, the histograms would shift 18C higher, with a corresponding increase in the number of homes at risk and may require additional strategies such as mechanical ventilation for adequate mitigation. This is consistent with the findings of other studies that suggest that adaptation of the housing stock over the coming years will be necessary if the adverse effects of overheating are to be avoided in future (Gupta & Gregg, 2012;Porritt et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…However, to date, research into overheating in the domestic sector has focused on a small number of dwellings (Hacker, Connell, & Belcher, 2005;Orme, Palmer, & Irving, 2003) One study (Porritt et al, 2011) showed that temperatures in the living rooms of typical Victorian terraces could be maintained below the CIBSE overheating thresholds in 2080 (with a Medium -High Emissions scenario) with a combination of interventions such as exterior shutters and ventilation strategies. A similar modelling study (Gupta & Gregg, 2012) investigated the potential for adaptation of several typical English dwellings, but found that no combination of measures was entirely able to eliminate overheating risk into the 2080s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessing impacts of summertime overheating: some adaptation strategies

Tillson

Oreszczyn

Palmer³

2013

Building Research & Information

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The UK is predicted to experience warmer summers in the future, but the domestic building stock in England was not designed to cope with this change. The Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP) 2009 is used to assess the current state of the English building stock in terms of its vulnerability to overheating. The English Housing Survey 2009 provided data for 16 150 dwellings which are weighted to represent the housing stock. SAP predicts 82% of dwellings are currently at 'slight' risk of overheating and 41% at medium to high risk. If summer temperatures become 1.48 8 8 8 8C warmer, then 99% of properties are predicted to have a medium to high risk of overheating. Several potential adaptations to the housing stock were considered to reduce overheating. Although ventilation strategies had the largest positive effect, the use of solar shading and shutters which allow secure ventilation could reduce vulnerability to overheating in the current climate. In a warmer climate, although some dwellings would still be at slight risk, the results suggest that solar shading strategies could reduce the percentage of those at medium to high risk to 6%. Future energy efficiency programmes will need to include adaptation measures to prevent overheating.Keywords: adaptation, building stock, climate change, housing, overheating, ventilation, vulnerability Il est prévu que le Royaume-Uni connaisse à l'avenir des étés plus chauds, mais le parc bâ ti résidentiel en Angleterre n'a pas été conçu pour faire face à ce changement. La Procédure d'Evaluation Normalisée (SAP) 2009 est utilisée pour évaluer l'état actuel du parc bâ ti anglais quant à sa vulnérabilité à la surchauffe. L'Enquête 2009 sur le Logement en Angleterre a fourni des données concernant 16 150 logements qui sont pondérés de façon à représenter le parc de logements. La procédure SAP prévoit que 82 % des habitations courent actuellement un risque « léger » de surchauffe et que 41 % courent un risque moyen à élevé. Si les températures estivales devenaient plus chaudes de 1,4 8C, la prévision est que 99 % des biens immobiliers courraient alors un risque de surchauffe moyen à élevé. Plusieurs adaptations possibles du parc de logements ont été envisagées pour réduire la surchauffe. Bien que les stratégies d'aération aient eu l'effet positif le plus important, l'utilisation de dispositifs d'occultation solaire et de volets qui permettent une aération sécurisée pourrait réduire la vulnérabilité à la surchauffe dans le climat actuel. Dans un climat plus chaud, bien que certains logements courraient encore un léger risque, les résultats suggèrent que les stratégies d'occultation solaire pourraient réduire à 6 % le pourcentage de ceux présentant un risque moyen à élevé. Les futurs programmes d'efficacité énergétique devront inclure des mesures d'adaptation destinées à prévenir la surchauffe.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing impacts of summertime overheating: some adaptation strategies

Tillson

Oreszczyn

Palmer³

2013

Building Research & Information

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The EHCS data includes statistics on glazing type and insulation across the housing stock and this data was used to specify the base case dwellings (Table 1). Further details on the dwelling models, including floor plans, can be found in (Porritt, 2012a). Dynamic thermal simulation was used to model the effects of the selected interventions on dwelling overheating and space heating energy use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat wave adaptations for UK dwellings and development of a retrofit toolkit

Porritt

Cropper

Shao

et al. 2013

Int J of Dis Res in the Bu Env

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose – Dwelling retrofit strategies generally concentrate on measures to reduce energy use and carbon emissions. However, climate change projections predict increases in both the frequency and severity of extreme weather events, including heat waves. It is predicted that by the 2040s severe heat waves similar to the European one in August 2003 may be expected to occur every year. Future guidance therefore needs to combine mitigation with adaptation in order to provide safe and comfortable dwellings, whilst also reducing heating energy use, within the available retrofit budget. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The research presented here used dynamic thermal simulation (EnergyPlus) to model a range of passive interventions on selected dwelling types to predict the effect on both dwelling overheating during a heat wave and annual space heating energy use. The interventions include modifications and additions to solar control, insulation and ventilation. Findings – Results demonstrate the effectiveness of interventions that reduce solar heat gains, with external shutters fitted to windows being the most effective single intervention in many cases. Solar reflective coatings also reduce overheating but lead to increased winter heating energy use, whilst wall insulation reduces heating energy use but can, in some cases, lead to increased overheating. The choice of wall insulation type is shown to be very important, with external insulation consistently performing better than internal for overheating reduction. The modelling further demonstrates that combined interventions can significantly reduce or in many cases eliminate overheating. Overheating exposure was found to vary significantly (up to a factor of ten times) between dwelling types. It can be significantly greater for residents who have to stay at home during the daytime, such as the elderly or infirm, and different interventions are sometimes more suitable in these cases. Originality/value – An innovative modelling methodology integrating overheating reduction, heating energy use and intervention cost has been developed and implemented for adapting UK dwellings to future heat waves. Other innovations include an automated approach for large volumes of simulations (over 180,000); a unique graphical interpretation method for presenting single and combined intervention results; and a user-friendly, interactive retrofit toolkit, which is available online for public access and free of charge.

show abstract

“…The effects on overheating reduction of all the single interventions have been discussed in detail in previous papers [24,25].…”

Section: Single Interventions Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%