“…Different faulty cases may happen for each actuator, which may be caused by mechanical imperfections or driver laws of actuator. Static non‐smooth nonlinearities such as friction, dead zone, saturation, or dynamic non‐smooth nonlinearities such as backlash, hysteresis, or partial or total actuator capacity loss refer to mechanical imperfections (Wang and Hu, ; Cai et al, ; Strano and Terzo, ). For evaluating the FDD part two scenario of faults in actuators are considered, dead zone fault in actuator groups III and IV and driver fault in actuator groups V and VI.…”