Adaptive controllers for grid-connected DC microgrids

Hatahet, Walid; Marei, Mostafa I.; Mokhtar, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.106917

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, when it comes to flexibility in terms of fault management, the single-bus configuration has very limited options. This type of configuration appears in various studies, as for example in the work of [36][37][38], where single-bus DC MGs constitute test grids for the implementation of DC MG control schemes, demonstrating the single-bus capability for simple integration of RES and efficient operation.…”

Section: Single-busmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art of Low and Medium Voltage Direct Current (DC) Microgrids

et al. 2021

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Direct current (DC) microgrids (MG) constitute a research field that has gained great attention over the past few years, challenging the well-established dominance of their alternating current (AC) counterparts in Low Voltage (LV) (up to 1.5 kV) as well as Medium Voltage (MV) applications (up to 50 kV). The main reasons behind this change are: (i) the ascending amalgamation of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), which predominantly supply DC power to the energy mix that meets electrical power demand and (ii) the ascending use of electronic loads and other DC-powered devices by the end-users. In this sense, DC distribution provides a more efficient interface between the majority of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and part of the total load of a MG. The early adopters of DC MGs include mostly buildings with high RES production, ships, data centers, electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and traction systems. However, the lack of expertise and the insufficient standards’ framework inhibit their wider spread. This review paper presents the state of the art of LV and MV DC MGs in terms of advantages/disadvantages over their AC counterparts, their interface with the AC main grid, topologies, control, applications, ancillary services and standardization issues. Overall, the aim of this review is to highlight the possibilities provided by DC MG architectures as well as the necessity for a solid/inclusive regulatory framework, which is their main weakness.

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Section: Single-busmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art of Low and Medium Voltage Direct Current (DC) Microgrids

et al. 2021

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“…Adaptive control techniques work well in systems with uncertain or time-varying characteristics [46,53,[106][107][108]. Adaptive control is a type of control that has both changeable parameters and a means for changing them [108].…”

Section: Adaptive Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Voltage and Reactive Power Algorithms in Low Voltage Networks

Stanelytė

Radziukynas

2022

Energies

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The rapid development of renewable energy sources and electricity storage technologies is further driving the change and evolution of traditional energy systems. The aim is to interconnect the different electricity systems between and within countries to ensure greater reliability and flexibility. However, challenges are faced in reaching it, such as the power grid complexity, the system control, voltage fluctuations due to the reverse power flow, equipment overloads, resonance, incorrect island setting, and the diversity of user needs. The electricity grid digitalization in the market also requires the installation of smart devices to enable real-time information exchange between the generator and the user. Inverter-based distributed generation (DG) may be used to control the grid voltage. Smart PV inverters have the capability to supply both inductive and capacitive reactive power to control the voltage at the point of interconnection with the grid, and only technical parameters of smart PV inverters limit this capability. Reactive power control is related to ensuring the quality of voltage in the electricity distribution network and compensating reactive power flows, which is a technical–economic aspect. The goal of this research is to present an analysis of controllers that supply reactive power to the electrical grid via PV systems. This research analyzes recent research on local, centralized, distributed, and decentralized voltage control models in distribution networks. The article compares various approaches and highlights their advantages and disadvantages. The voltage control strategies and methodologies mentioned in the article can serve as a theoretical foundation and provide practical benefits for PV system development in distribution networks. The results of the research show that the local voltage control approach, as well as linear and intelligent controllers, has great potential.

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“…Renewable energies, including solar, wind, hydro, and biomass, are sources of electricity generation that do not rely on fossil fuels [1]. By replacing carbon‐intensive energy sources, they play a crucial role in significantly mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and addressing climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing DC microgrid performance through machine learning‐optimized droop control

Saeidinia,

Arabshahi,

Aminirad

et al. 2024

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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A machine learning‐based optimized droop method is suggested here to simultaneously reduce the production cost (PC) and power line losses (PLL) for a class of direct current (DC) microgrids (MGs). Traditionally, a communication‐less technique known as the hybrid droop method has been employed to decrease PC and PLL in DC MGs. However, achieving the desired reduction in either PC or PLL requires arbitrary adjustments of weighting coefficients for each distributed generator in the conventional hybrid droop method. To address this challenge, this paper introduces a systematic approach that capitalizes on the benefits of artificial intelligence to accurately predict both the PC and PLL in a DC MG. Furthermore, an optimization technique relying on the gradient descendent method is employed to independently optimize both PC and PLL for each scenario. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed through a comparative study with classical and hybrid droop coordination schemes under various scenarios such as rapid load changes.

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Adaptive controllers for grid-connected DC microgrids

Cited by 31 publications

References 33 publications

State of the Art of Low and Medium Voltage Direct Current (DC) Microgrids

State of the Art of Low and Medium Voltage Direct Current (DC) Microgrids

Analysis of Voltage and Reactive Power Algorithms in Low Voltage Networks

Enhancing DC microgrid performance through machine learning‐optimized droop control

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