Adaptive current differential protection schemes for transmission-line protection

Abstract

Abstract-Throughout the history of power system protection, researchers have strived to increase sensitivity and speed of apparatus protection systems without compromising security. With the significant technological advances in wide-area measurement systems, for transmission system protection, current differential protection scheme outscores alternatives like overcurrent and distance protection schemes. Therefore, in this paper, we address this challenge by proposing a methodology for adaptive control of the restraining region in a current differential plane. First an error analysis of conventional phasor approach for current differential protection is provided using the concept of dynamic phasor. Subsequently, we extend the methodology for protection of series compensated transmission lines. Finally, we also evaluate the speed versus accuracy conflict using phasorlets. Electromagnetic Transient Program simulations are used to substantiate the claims. The results demonstrate the utility of the proposed approach.

Decision tree‐induced fuzzy rule‐based differential relaying for transmission line including unified power flow controller and wind‐farms

“…The most important conclusion drawn from this comparison is that the proposed scheme gives 100% testing accuracy even with fewer numbers of input data set (800 and above). Finally, the dependability and security of the proposed relaying scheme is compared with other existing schemes [20,24] for 100 cases of crucial fault situations (fault situation with low wind penetration, UPFC bypass mode of operation, high fault resistance and so on) and 50 cases of external fault situations. The above testing is done on the single circuit transmission line and the results are depicted in Table 9.…”

“…The above testing is done on the single circuit transmission line and the results are depicted in Table 9. The dependability of the conventional current differential schemes [20,24] is found to be highly sensitive to the faults with higher fault resistance and variations in wind speed. Further, the proposed scheme is found to be more secure compared to the existing differential schemes.…”

Data-Mining-Based Intelligent Differential Relaying for Transmission Lines Including UPFC and Wind Farms

“…The limitations of the existing differential relaying schemes are summarized as follows. 1) Current differential scheme [17] works on the principle that the algebraic sum of the currents entering the protected zone is zero. However, this is not absolutely true in case of power transmission line due to the presence of capacitive charging current of the line.…”

“…Thus, the speed of the proposed scheme is [29], [30]). This is supported by the time stamping of voltage and current signals by a global positioning system (GPS) at both ends of the transmission line (for calculation of differential features, samples corresponding to the same time instant can be compared) and thereby providing immunity to channel delays, asymmetry, and so on [17]. Dynamic estimate of the channel delay can be easily maintained by subtracting the GPS time stamp at the transmitting end from the receiving end time stamp.…”

A novel adaptive current protection scheme for distribution systems with distributed generation

“…Researchers all over the world have been devoted to putting these concepts into practice. Several methods have been proposed in the realm of adaptive protection, such as adaptive distance protection [2][3][4][5], adaptive current differential protection [6,7] and adaptive power differential protection [8].…”