A novel model-based approach for closed-loop control and maximum power point(MPP) tracking of thermoelectric generators (TEG) has been presented using the nonlinear Lyapunov-based approach. As the TEG power derivative is always zero at MPP, it can be employed as a feedback signal for the controller. Hence, the reference value of controller will always be zero which simplifies the controller structure significantly. Since the reference calculation block can be removed, there is no need for a cascade multi-loop controller which can improve the controller's dynamic response.Due to the elimination of reference calculation unit, the proposed controller demonstrates superior performance, e.g., during temperature and load changes. The asymptotic stability of proposed controller has been proved. To evaluate the accuracy of the controller, it is simulated by using MATLAB software. Moreover, the experimental responses are provided by employing the TMS320F28335 DSP from Texas Instruments.According to the simulation and experimental results and despite temperature and load changes in a wide range, the closed-loop system shows a stable and robust performance 2014. Since 2006, he has been with the Faculty of Electrical Engineering at Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran, where he is a Professor of Electrical Engineering. His research interests include smart grids, power system planning, and power electronics applications.