“…Planning is often applied to determine how to move along; the solution should be provided in a way that complies with the mechanical limitations of autonomous systems, such as robotics [1,2], graphic animation [3], manufacturing [4], and minimally invasive surgical procedures [5]. In the state space, the problem of robot motion planning [6][7][8] involves starting in some initial state and trying to arrive at a specified goal instead of goal states to minimize resource consumption, such as energy or time.…”