Adaptive metamaterials by functionally graded 4D printing

Bodaghi, Mahdi; Damanpack, A.R.; Liao, Wei-Hsin

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2017.08.069

Cited by 234 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Owing to their intrinsic shapechanging capability, SMPs have been explored for applications in space deployable structures, 6,7 flexible electronics, 8,9 soft robotics, 10 artificial muscles, 11 smart actuators, 12 and textiles. 13 Especially, these smart materials have attracted increasing academic interest in biomedical fields, such as self-tightening devices, 14,15 biodegradable stents, 16,17 drug delivery systems, 16,18 porous scaffolds, 19 thrombus removal device, 20 and microactuators. 21 SMPs-based medical devices could be deformed to a small packed status in advance to go through narrow passages and recover to their original shapes later under appropriate stimulus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D printing of shape memory poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐trimethylene carbonate) by direct ink writing for shape‐changing structures

Wan

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Four‐dimensional (4D) printing of shape memory materials has attracted increasing interests for personalized structures. In this study, a biocompatible poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐trimethylene carbonate) (PLMC) is utilized to fabricate 4D shape‐changing structures with customized geometries through direct ink writing. The printed objects show shape transformations at different dimensions under thermal programming. The influence of the printing parameters on the properties including rheological, solvent evaporation, and static mechanical behavior are systematically investigated. A printing map is further depicted to achieve high‐quality printing with high viscous ink flowed from micronozzle to construct various structures. The printed structures in one‐dimensional, two‐dimensional, and three‐dimensional (3D) exhibit shape‐changing behavior with fast response around body temperature. The fast responsive time shows potential in the field of surgical suture (4 s), nonwoven fabric (3 s), and self‐expandable stent (35 s). The feasibility of 3D printing of PLMC opens the way for applications in shape‐changing devices with small diameter. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48177.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D printing of shape memory poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐trimethylene carbonate) by direct ink writing for shape‐changing structures

Wan

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…In this division, a phenomenological constitutive model presented initially in [17,29] is reformulated to describe shape programming and recovery processes in the 4D-printed structures. Analytical straightforward closed-form solutions are also derived.…”

Section: Smp Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering a specific application, 4D-printed objects can be designed to respond to environmental stimuli and external triggers such as humidity, light, heat, and electric or magnetic fields [14][15][16]. For example, by 4D printing temperature-sensitive SMPs, Bodaghi et al [17] introduced adaptive metamaterials with the capability of 1D/2D-to-2D/3D shape-shifting through self-folding and/or self-coiling. Wang et al [18] introduced a novel 4D printing technology of composites with continuous embedded fibers for which the programmable deformation was caused by the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between continuous fibers and flexible matrix.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape-Adaptive Metastructures with Variable Bandgap Regions by 4D Printing

et al. 2020

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This article shows how four-dimensional (4D) printing technology can engineer adaptive metastructures that exploit resonating self-bending elements to filter vibrational and acoustic noises and change filtering ranges. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is implemented to fabricate temperature-responsive shape-memory polymer (SMP) elements with self-bending features. Experiments are conducted to reveal how the speed of the 4D printer head can affect functionally graded prestrain regime, shape recovery and self-bending characteristics of the active elements. A 3D constitutive model, along with an in-house finite element (FE) method, is developed to replicate the shape recovery and self-bending of SMP beams 4D-printed at different speeds. Furthermore, a simple approach of prestrain modeling is introduced into the commercial FE software package to simulate material tailoring and self-bending mechanism. The accuracy of the straightforward FE approach is validated against experimental observations and computational results from the in-house FE MATLAB-based code. Two periodic architected temperature-sensitive metastructures with adaptive dynamical characteristics are proposed to use bandgap engineering to forbid specific frequencies from propagating through the material. The developed computational tool is finally implemented to numerically examine how bandgap size and frequency range can be controlled and broadened. It is found out that the size and frequency range of the bandgaps are linked to changes in the geometry of self-bending elements printed at different speeds. This research is likely to advance the state-of-the-art 4D printing and unlock potentials in the design of functional metastructures for a broad range of applications in acoustic and structural engineering, including sound wave filters and waveguides. much attention due to their lower density, higher recoverable strain of up to 400%, lower cost, simple shape programming procedure, and excellent controllability over the recovery temperature [3,4].In the recent two decades, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), has gained considerable attention as an advanced manufacturing technique that can create complex objects through depositing materials in a layer-by-layer manner [5][6][7][8][9]. With the introduction of active materials, 3D printing approaches have shown excellent potential for the fabrication of adaptive structures, namely four-dimensional (4D) printed structures, with the capability of reshaping their configuration and changing their properties over time [10][11][12]. For the first time, Tibbits [13] experimentally demonstrated how 4D-printed objects could transform over time and perform self-assemblies. While 3D printing methods can be used to fabricate static structures, 4D printing methods allow the fabrication of dynamically reconfigurable architectures with desired functionality and responsiveness. Considering a specific application, 4D-printed objects can be designed to respond to environmental...

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“…14f). Liao et al applied pre-strain to the printed structure by adjusting the printing parameters, such as printing speed and nozzle temperature [122]. Printed 2D plates via the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology can automatically curl or twist under heating without programming (Fig.…”

Section: Deformation Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magdassi first integrated the stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing technology with SMPs into the 4D printing technology. The printed cardiovascular stent, the Eiffel Tower, and bird are deformable 2D printed structure from 2D to 3D deformation: a 2D deformable honeycomb structure [120]; b 2D planar structure twists, bends, and deforms, then assembles into flowers [121]; c smart trestle [112]; d smart insect-like structure [112]; e smart hook [112]; f foldable cartons and pyramids [118]; g automatic curling hinges [122] Fig. 15.…”

Section: Deformation Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Models, Structures, and Applications of Shape-Memory Polymers and Their Composites

Xin

Liu

et al. 2019

Acta Mech. Solida Sin.

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Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) and their composite materials are stimuliresponsive materials that have the unique characteristics of lightweight, large deformation, variable stiffness, and biocompatibility. This paper reviews the research status of the mechanical models for SMPs, shape-memory nanocomposites and shape-memory polymer composites (SMPCs); it also introduces some spatially deployable structures, such as hinges, beams, and antennae based on SMPCs. In addition, the deformation types of 4D printing structures and the potential applications of this technology in robots and medical devices are also summarized.The mechanism of shape-memory cycles and the mechanical behavior of SMPs can be described by establishing thermomechanical models, which lay the theoretical foundations for the rational design of SMP structures. This section will focus on the constitutive models for SMPs, the micromechanical models of SMPNs, and the buckling behavior of SMPCs.

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Adaptive metamaterials by functionally graded 4D printing

Cited by 234 publications

References 24 publications

3D printing of shape memory poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐trimethylene carbonate) by direct ink writing for shape‐changing structures

3D printing of shape memory poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐trimethylene carbonate) by direct ink writing for shape‐changing structures

Shape-Adaptive Metastructures with Variable Bandgap Regions by 4D Printing

Mechanical Models, Structures, and Applications of Shape-Memory Polymers and Their Composites

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