Adaptive possibilities of modern winter triticale varieties at the initial phases of plant development

Abstract

Purpose. Identification of adaptive capabilities of modern varieties of winter triticale at the first stages of organogenesis of the crop in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. Methods. General scientific: hypothesis, experiment, observation and analysis, field and laboratory research, mathematical and statistical data analysis. Results. The search for the alternative to modern intensive winter triticale cultivation technologies, focused on the maximum use of adaptive capabilities of plants to natural and man-made changes, was conducted. It has been established that the cumulative negative impact of natural and man-made factors is formed long before the sowing of winter triticale. The necessity of their minimization through the application of modern technologies of maximum adaptation of the plant organism to them has been determined. It has been established that the adaptive ability of winter triticale varieties to natural environmental conditions and man-made risks caused by deep changes in the agrocenoses of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe is manifested already at the first stages of organogenesis of the crop during the autumn vegetation period, which is important for increasing the winter hardiness of plants. The highest level of such adaptability was observed in the Bozhich variety, which prevailed over the Bogodarske and Desyatynne varieties in terms of carbohydrate content in the tiller node by 1.9% and 3.97%, respectively; by the level of overwintering of plants – by 5.6% and 8.4%, respectively. The importance of the variety as a factor of the adaptive technology of growing winter triticale in modern conditions of climate change has been proven. Conclusions. The conducted studies confirm that the optimal selection of the variety allows to significantly improve the starting capabilities of winter triticale plants before their entry into winter and is an important component of the adaptive crop cultivation technologies formation in conditions of modern natural and man-made risks in agrocenoses of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe.