Adaptive Responses of Crop Species Against Phosphorus Deficiency

Aslam, Mehtab Muhammad; Idris, Aisha Lawan; Okal, Eyalira Jacob; Waseem, Muhammad

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16155-1_4

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“…However, its limited availability is a major threat to legume yield and food security (Cordell et al, 2009; Gilbert, 2009; Jha et al, 2023). Plants had adapted various mechanisms for P acquisition, translocation (P absorbed by plant roots and translocated to the shoot), and utilization under P‐impoverished environments; these include root system architecture (Gahoonia & Nielsen, 2004; Jha et al, 2023; Lynch, 2011; Penn et al, 2023), cluster root formation, bioactive compounds, and acid phosphatases (Aslam, Pueyo, et al 2022a; Aslam et al, 2023; Ding et al, 2021; Sasse et al, 2018; Tomasi et al, 2009). For instance, long root hairs of barley contributed to sustaining grain yield under low P soil, showing the involvement of root traits to improve P acquisition (Gahoonia & Nielsen, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of LaGRAS enhances phosphorus acquisition via increased root growth of phosphorus‐deficient white lupin

Aslam

Fritschi

Zhang

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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The GRAS transcription factors play an indispensable role in plant growth and responses to environmental stresses. The GRAS gene family has extensively been explored in various plant species; however, the comprehensive investigation of GRAS genes in white lupin remains insufficient. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of white lupin genome revealed 51 LaGRAS genes distributed into 10 distinct phylogenetic clades. Gene structure analyses revealed that LaGRAS proteins were considerably conserved among the same subfamilies. Notably, 25 segmental duplications and a single tandem duplication showed that segmental duplication was the major driving force for the expansion of GRAS genes in white lupin. Moreover, LaGRAS genes exhibited preferential expression in young cluster root and mature cluster roots and may play key roles in nutrient acquisition, particularly phosphorus (P). To validate this, RT‐qPCR analysis of white lupin plants grown under +P (normal P) and −P (P deficiency) conditions elucidated significant differences in the transcript level of GRAS genes. Among them, LaGRAS38 and LaGRAS39 were identified as potential candidates with induced expression in MCR under −P. Additionally, white lupin transgenic hairy root overexpressing OE‐LaGRAS38 and OE‐LaGRAS39 showed increased root growth, and P concentration in root and leaf compared to those with empty vector control, suggesting their role in P acquisition. We believe this comprehensive analysis of GRAS members in white lupin is a first step in exploring their role in the regulation of root growth, tissue development, and ultimately improving P use efficiency in legume crops under natural environments.

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