Adaptive strategies and life history characteristics in a warming climate: Salmon in the Arctic?

Despite anthropogenic disturbance and moderate climate changes fish density and biomass fluctuated non directionally in a small stream

“…According to Nielsen et al, (2013), climate impact alone and in a short time will not allow for an accurate prediction of the range of salmon in the Arctic, due to the complexity of the adaptive response and biological interactions that factor in successful colonization; moreover, it seems to also present a limitation for other fish, especially in freshwater. In our study, air temperatures for the whole year, the summer season, the winter season, and for a one-year time lag, did not exert significant impact on the density and biomass (Tab.…”

“…A multifarious approach is needed that combines physical, environmental and ecological factors with the expansion of the species' range at the species, population and individual levels. According to Nielsen et al (2013), this will require collaborations between scientists from different branches of biological sciences. Nielsen et al (2013), when finalizing the subchapter Conclusions in their study, formulated many remaining questions without answers, and one of these also limited our study: which species are the real generalists?…”

“…However after the conducted channelization they did not observe deleterious changes in the coarse fish populations' abundances. It is not easy to identify an impact of climate on the abundances (or biomasses) of species because they are simultaneously impacted by biotic factors also (Shuter and Meisner, 1992;Mann, 1994;Grossman et al, 1990;Jackson et al, 2001;Głowacki and Penczak, 2013;Nielsen et al, 2013). Many studies indicate that biological factors exclusively can also drive significant fluctuations in fish species density in a stream (Mills, 1982;Henderson, 1985;Wootton, 1985;Copp et al, 1991;Persson and Johansson, 1992;Mann, 1994;Penczak, 1994, Jackson et al, 2001Nielsen et al, 2013).…”

“…It is not easy to identify an impact of climate on the abundances (or biomasses) of species because they are simultaneously impacted by biotic factors also (Shuter and Meisner, 1992;Mann, 1994;Grossman et al, 1990;Jackson et al, 2001;Głowacki and Penczak, 2013;Nielsen et al, 2013). Many studies indicate that biological factors exclusively can also drive significant fluctuations in fish species density in a stream (Mills, 1982;Henderson, 1985;Wootton, 1985;Copp et al, 1991;Persson and Johansson, 1992;Mann, 1994;Penczak, 1994, Jackson et al, 2001Nielsen et al, 2013). Fluctuations in fish species abundance have been frequently recorded not only in the total fish of a stream but in the abundance of an individual species' year-classes (Matthews, 1998;Głowacki and Penczak, 2012), when reproduction and then recruitment (0+) were affected by many biotic and abiotic factors (Wootton, 1985;Mann, 1994;Jackson et al, 2001;Penczak, 2001).…”

International Perspectives on the Effects of Climate Change on Inland Fisheries

“…Unlike temperate regions, warming in the Arctic is projected to improve conditions for anadromous and diadromous fishes such as Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar and Arctic Charr, as long as there is sufficient water in spawning and rearing streams (Nordeng 1983;Nielsen et al 2013). …”