Adaptive Thresholds of EEG Brain Signals for IoT Devices Authentication

Abstract

In this paper, we proposed a new authentication method for the Internet of Things IoT devices based on electroencephalography EEG signals, and hand gestures. The proposed EEG signals authentication method used low price NeuroSky MindWave headset and was based on choosing the adaptive thresholds of attention and meditation mode for the authentication key. Hand gestures to control authentication processes by using a general camera. To verify that a new authentication method is widely accepted, it must meet two main conditions security and usability. The evaluation of the prototype usability was based on ISO 9241-11:2018 standards usability model. Results revealed that our proposed demonstrated the ability of authentication by using EEG signals with the effectiveness of 92%, the efficiency of 93%, and User-Satisfaction is acceptable and satisfying. To assess evaluate the security of the prototype, we consider the most important three threats related to IoT devices are guessing, physical observation, and targeted impersonation. The results showed that the password strength, using the proposed system is stronger than that with a traditional keyboard, the proposed authentication method resistant to target impersonation and physical observation.

On-Air Hand-Drawn Doodles for IoT Devices Authentication During COVID-19

“…In this research, the usability and security of the on-air drawing graphical symbols authentication method are evaluated. The usability evaluation is based on the ISO 9241-11:2018 usability standards model [46], [ 47]. The security evaluation is based on two threats related to the IoT devices authentication method derived from A. Elshenaway et al's work [47].…”

“…The usability evaluation is based on the ISO 9241-11:2018 usability standards model [46], [ 47]. The security evaluation is based on two threats related to the IoT devices authentication method derived from A. Elshenaway et al's work [47]. The following subsections briefly present the two methods of evaluation.…”

“…The ISO -9241-11 ISO 9241-11:2018 usability standards model recommends that usability metrics should include which are accuracy, efficiency and user satisfaction [47].…”

“…Which are physical observation threat and guessing threat. The following subsections briefly present the two threats [47].…”

Smart Homes for Disabled People: A Review Study

“…A disability is defined as any medical condition that makes it difficult for a person to do specific activities or interact effectively with the world around them. Recent EEG devices with non-invasive, wearable, low-cost, wireless, lightweight, and easy-to-use features have piqued the interest of academics from a wide range of disciplines, particularly in Smart Homes used as command methods (Elshenaway & Guirguis, 2021). Traditional smart home solutions work by receiving voice commands or via smart devices such as touch screens, but not much attention has been paid to physically disabled people.…”