Adaptive Transmission Rate With a Fixed Threshold Decoder for Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication

IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun.

Nasiri-Kenari

2019

Self Cite

The nature of molecular transmitter imposes some limitations on the molecule production process and its storage. As the molecules act the role of the information carriers, the limitations affect the transmission process and the system performance considerably. In this paper, we focus on the transmitter's limitations, in particular, the limited molecule production rate and the finite storage capacity. We consider a time-slotted communication where the transmitter opens its outlets and releases the stored molecules for a specific time duration to send bit "1" and remains silent to send bit "0". By changing the release duration, we propose an adaptive release duration modulation. The objective is to find the optimal transmission release duration to minimize the probability of error. We characterize the properties of the optimal release duration and use it to derive upper and lower bounds on the system performance. We see that the proposed modulation scheme improves the performance.Index Terms-Molecular transmitter, transmitter's limitations, production rate, storage capacity, release duration. 0. This contradicts (34) and completes the proof. APPENDIX D PROOF OF LEMMA 3Consider the smallest optimal positive released molecule increment as ∆ * J . Remind that ∆ * j = 0 for j > J. We prove that ∆ * J ∈ [0, a J ]. We use contradiction. Suppose ∆ * J [0, a J ] i.e., ∆ * J > a J . This scheme is referred as scheme A. • Scheme A: Choose the smallest optimal positive ∆ J = ∆ * J

Section: Appendix B Proof Of Lemmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…APPENDIX I CLOSED FORM RATES OF ONE-SYMBOL ISI IN [8] In [8], if the transmitter starts with a "0" bit, X 1 = 0 (state s 0 ) and X 2 = B 2 M (state s B 2 ). For i ≥ 3 if B i = 0, the ISI resets (state s 0 ) and if B i = 1 (state s 1 ), we have X i = M − p 1 p 0 X i−1 .…”

Section: Appendix H Sub-optimal Solution For Two-symbol Isimentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Release Duration Modulation for Limited Molecule Production and Storage

Khaloopour

IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun.

Nasiri-Kenari

2019

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“…where λ = d 2 /2D. On the other hand, if the medium also has a velocity v towards the receiver, the modified Fick's law can be used to show that T follows an inverse Gaussian distribution, IG(µ, λ) [35]: 6 :…”

Section: Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fixing the uncoded transmission, it is shown in [5] that a certain memory-limited simple decoder is performing close to the optimal decoder. Conversely, in [6], we fix a simple decoder and show that a certain memory-limited simple encoder is near optimal. These results seem to suggest that even though the optimal transmitter and Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoder may have complicated descriptions, the nature of the molecular channel is such that simplicity propagates: if some components of a MC system are forced to be structurally simple (due to their physical limitation), then using complicated coding strategies at other components comes at a negligible benefit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Information theory of molecular communication: directions and challenges

Gohari

IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun.

Nasiri-Kenari

2016

Self Cite

102

Molecular Communication (MC) is a communication strategy that uses molecules as carriers of information, and is widely used by biological cells. As an interdisciplinary topic, it has been studied by biologists, communication theorists and a growing number of information theorists. This paper aims to specifically bring MC to the attention of information theorists. To do this, we first highlight the unique mathematical challenges of studying the capacity of molecular channels. Addressing these problems require use of known, or development of new mathematical tools. Toward this goal, we review a subjective selection of the existing literature on information theoretic aspect of molecular communication. The emphasis here is on the mathematical techniques used, rather than on the setup or modeling of a specific paper. Finally, as an example, we propose a concrete information theoretic problem that was motivated by our study of molecular communication.

“…One natural way to tackle this problem is to apply the point-to-point ISI mitigating techniques to each hop of the relay channel. For the SNC scheme, we extend the existing ISI mitigating techniques of point-to-point channels proposed in [29], [30] to each hop. However, for the PNC scheme we propose a novel ISI-mitigating scheme, which is based on two observations: i) in two-way channels each transceiver has access to the previous messages of the other transceiver, and thus knows an estimation of the other user's ISI.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On Medium Chemical Reaction in Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication: A Two-Way Relaying Example

Farahnak-Ghazani

Aminian

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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Chemical reactions are a prominent feature of molecular communication (MC) systems, with no direct parallels in wireless communications. While chemical reactions may be used inside the transmitter nodes, receiver nodes or the communication medium, we focus on its utility in the medium in this paper.Such chemical reactions can be used to perform computation over the medium as molecules diffuse and react with each other (physical-layer computation). We propose the use of chemical reactions for the following purposes: (i) to reduce signal-dependent observation noise of receivers by reducing the signal density, (ii) to realize molecular physical-layer network coding (molecular PNC) by performing the natural XOR operation inside the medium, and (iii) to reduce the inter-symbol interference (ISI) of other transmitters by canceling out the remaining molecules from previous transmissions. To make the ideas formal, we consider an explicit two-way relaying example with a transparent receiver (which has a signal-dependent noise). The proposed ideas are used to define a modulation scheme (which we call the PNC scheme). We compare the PNC with a previously proposed scheme for this problem where the XOR operation is performed at the relay node (using a molecular logic gate). We call the latter, the straightforward network coding (SNC). It is observed that in addition to the simplicity of the proposed PNC scheme, it outperforms the SNC scheme especially when we consider ISI. I. INTRODUCTIONWhile traditional wireless communication systems employ energy carriers (such as electromagnetic or acoustic waves) for communication, Molecular Communication (MC) utilizes physical molecules as This work was in part presented in the 2016 Iran Workshop on Communication and Information Theory (IWCIT) [1].DRAFT 2 its carriers of information. In diffusion-based MC system, the transmitter and the receiver are biological/engineered cells or electronic systems that release or receive molecules, while the channel is assumed to be a fluid medium in which molecules diffuse. Electromagnetic waves and molecular diffusion share similarities and differences. Both the electromagnetic wave equation and the Fick's second law of macroscopic diffusion are second-order linear partial differential equations. As a result, both lead to linear system models that satisfy the superposition property. However, there are also differences between electromagnetic waves and molecular diffusion. Notably, the degradation and attenuation of transmitted signals are more pronounced in molecular diffusion-based channels and seriously limit the transmission distance between the transmitter and the receiver [2]. Relaying is a solution for increasing the range of communication and has been utilized by nature in intracellular communication [3, Chapter 15]. In addition, while the measurement noise of a wireless receiver may be modeled by an additive Gaussian noise (the AWGN channel), some of the most promising molecular receptors, such as the ligand receiver and the transparent recei...