Addiction as a function of action system properties

Loonis, Éric; Apter, Michael J.; Sztulman, H.

doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(99)00064-7

Cited by 59 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…One other notion possibly pertaining to satiation (as well as to loss of control, discussed below) is that of psychological reversals [46,47]. This notion is the idea that people may fluctuate sharply between two or more experiential states (e.g., shifting back and forth between experiencing a sensation seeking state, to a goal-oriented/calm state).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This notion is the idea that people may fluctuate sharply between two or more experiential states (e.g., shifting back and forth between experiencing a sensation seeking state, to a goal-oriented/calm state). Biological needs, valence versus time delay of addictive behavior-related rewards, and a feeling a sense of frustration versus satiation, can shift one from one state to another [46,48]. That is, when frustrated the individual may seek out an addictive behavior, and when satiated the individual may temporarily avoid such temptations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Considering the Definition of Addiction

Sussman

Sussman²

2011

IJERPH

217

143

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The definition of addiction is explored. Elements of addiction derived from a literature search that uncovered 52 studies include: (a) engagement in the behavior to achieve appetitive effects, (b) preoccupation with the behavior, (c) temporary satiation, (d) loss of control, and (e) suffering negative consequences. Differences from compulsions are suggested. While there is some debate on what is intended by the elements of addictive behavior, we conclude that these five constituents provide a reasonable understanding of what is intended by the concept. Conceptual challenges for future research are mentioned.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering the Definition of Addiction

Sussman

Sussman²

2011

IJERPH

217

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Or could the addict engage in much the same analysis of their behaviour as others (Davies, 1992)? Loonis et al, (2000) propose that all addictive behaviours share the characteristics of high salience, restricted variety and few or no alternative behaviours. That is, the addict pursues a very specific behaviour that is important to them and for which it appears difficult or impossible to find a substitute.…”

Section: Cost/benefit Analysis and The Maintenance Of Addictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we call behaviours addictive?

Lemon

2002

Clinical Psychologist

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The question of whether behaviours can be addictive in the same sense as psychoactive substances has been debated in psychology for some time. Increased understanding of the brain reward system tends to support this notion. The way in which behaviours may modulate that system, coupled with self‐report and behavioural analysis, suggests three characteristics of substances or behaviours that may lead to addictions. The reward system must register a relatively rapid and substantial improvement in hedonic state, the user unable to find alternative ways of obtaining this improvement, and the performance of the addictive behaviour leads to maladaptive functioning and a state of chronic dysphoria. Cognitive and social factors may also influence the development and maintenance of addiction.

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“…They may then collect survey data or observational data from participants, code the results, and then analyze with statistics (i.e., correlation, factor analysis, and so on) to determine if there is evidence to support the proposed hypothesis. The scope of empirical investigations into reversal theory remains broad and diverse, including, for example, sports (Kerr, 1997), addiction (Loonis, Apter, & Sztulman, 2000), psychophysiology (Svebak & Lewis, 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Historical Analysis of Reversal Theory Conference Presentations (1995–2015)

2017

JMEP

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It has been suggested that reversal theory should endeavour to pursue more empirical studies (Cramer, 2013), yet continue to develop tools and applications; thus the present study examined the category of papers (N = 323) featured at reversal theory conferences from 1995-2015. Conference papers were divided into (initially three but later) five categories: templative, theoretical, empirical, application, and tool development. Empirical (hypothesis testing with statistical analysis of collected data) was the largest category (39%), followed by templative (31%), theoretical (16%), and both tool development and application (7% and 6%, respectively). The number of empirical studies, which declined over time, negatively correlated with both the number of applications and theoretical papers in a given year. Cluster analysis showed three distinct patterns of categorical distribution. Implications for future research are discussed, including how conferences have directed subsequent research and vice versa.

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Addiction as a function of action system properties

Cited by 59 publications

References 3 publications

Considering the Definition of Addiction

Considering the Definition of Addiction

Can we call behaviours addictive?

An Historical Analysis of Reversal Theory Conference Presentations (1995–2015)

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