Addiction to Diazepam

Maletzky, Barry M.; Klotter, James C.

doi:10.3109/10826087109045533

Cited by 66 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Maletzky and Klotter [56] reviewed 27 articles in which diazepam was claimed to be free of addicting properties, and concluded that none had used adequate methods. Systematic withdrawal were not carried out, and in some, no data regarding tolerance were collected.…”

Section: Clinical Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Benzodiazepine Dependence

Pétursson

Lader

1981

British Journal of Addiction

160

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Summary Benzodiazepines, the most widely used of all drugs, are powerful anxiolytics, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants. Dependence is difficult to induce in animals but has been induced by high doses in man. Case reports of benzodiazepine dependence are rare compared with the usage of these drugs, but do not provide a proper epidemiological framework for the estimation of risk. Patients taking these drugs for four months or more may develop a physical withdrawal syndrome, characterized by anxiety, dysphoria, malaise, depersonalization, and by perceptual changes such as hyperacusis and unsteadiness. In our experience drawn from over 20 patients, withdrawal from therapeutic doses of a benzodiazepine may be attended by a fully‐developed physical withdrawal syndrome.

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Section: Clinical Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Benzodiazepine Dependence

Pétursson

Lader

1981

British Journal of Addiction

160

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“…Maletzky (12) reported that even when not taking excessively high doses many patients •• ParafonForte had difficulty in decreasing or discontinuing their dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently a growing number of reports on Diazepam abuse has been published (3,(5)(6)(7)9,(12)(13)(14)(15). Diazepam is known to produce both physiological and psychological dependence and addiction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diazepam Addiction a Case Report

Agrawal

1978

Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal

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A case of addiction to Diazepam is reported. Severe withdrawal ‘symptoms such as tremulousness, irritability, increased psychomotor activity, generalized muscle cramps, abdominal cramps, photophobia, retro-orbital pains and insomnia are described. Visual hallucinations, illusions, and paranoid features are also present in this case. Detoxification and management were accomplished by gradual withdrawal and the addition of another tranquilizer, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant. The author reviews other such reports of abuse and addiction in the literature which call for wide recognition of the addictive properties of Diazepam and for restrictions on its indiscriminate prescription by physicians.

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“…45,46 This may be either alone or in combination with analgesics, 47 or to patients in whom migraine is associated with tension headache. 48 While tension headache and migraine are distinct clinical entities, 49 it is germane to examine the so called "tension" trigger in migraine. However, recent evidence suggests that benzodiazepine dependence occurs more frequently than has been recognized.…”

Section: Justification For Use: a Brief Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent evidence suggests that benzodiazepine dependence occurs more frequently than has been recognized. 48 While tension headache and migraine are distinct clinical entities, 49 it is germane to examine the so called "tension" trigger in migraine.…”

Section: Justification For Use: a Brief Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tranquilizers and Mood Elevators in the Treatment of Migraine: An Analysis of the Migraine Foundation Questionnaire

Parnell¹,

Cooperstock²

1979

Headache

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SYNOPSIS A sample of 1,500 self‐report mailed questionnaires distributed by the Migraine Foundation was analyzed To provide basic information on a large number of migraine sufferers in Canada, and more specifically to examine the extent of use and the perceived efficacy of tranquilizers and mood elevators by migraine sufferers. Data were presented on family history, headache history and type of migraine, triggers, physicians/specialist contacts, the extent and efficacy of both drug and non‐drug treatments, and suspected addiction. For each of these topics, the limitations of this data, unique or interesting findings and areas deserving further investigation were discussed. The analysis of the data on tranquilizers and mood elevators indicated that these drugs had been used by approximately 41% of migraine sufferers at some time. In general, the type of migraine did not appear to determine who received the tranquilizing and mood elevating agents. Females were more prone to both migraine and to the use of any of the classes of medication. Tranquilizers and mood elevators, considered to be moderately efficacious, ranked below the prescription pain killers, many of the special migraine medications and many of the non‐drug treatments.

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Addiction to Diazepam

Cited by 66 publications

References 24 publications

Benzodiazepine Dependence

Benzodiazepine Dependence

Diazepam Addiction a Case Report

Tranquilizers and Mood Elevators in the Treatment of Migraine: An Analysis of the Migraine Foundation Questionnaire

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