Adding α-tocopherol-selenium and ascorbic acid to periparturient sow diets influences hemogram, lipid profile, leptin, oxidant/antioxidant imbalance, performance and neonatal piglet mortality

Gaykwad, C.; De, Ujjwal Kumar; Jadhav, S.E.; Chethan, G.E.; Akhilesh, .; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan; Mondal, Deba Brata; Gaur, Gyanendra Kumar; Verma, Med Ram; Chaudhuri, Pallab

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.07.014

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The treatment with herbal antioxidants had an attenuating effect on maternal oxidative stress, as indicated by the significant reduction in plasma MDA concentrations, in a similar way to treatments with vitamins C and E plus either β-carotene [ 21 ] or selenium [ 37 ]. On the other hand, there are no previous reports, to the best of our knowledge, on the effects of supplementing pregnant females with a combination of herbal antioxidants on the antioxidant status of their piglets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown contradictory results, with positive [ 37 ] or no effects [ 31 ], which may be influenced by the duration of the treatment and therefore the pregnancy stages influenced by the supplementation. Maternal oxidative stress has been previously associated with decreased reproductive success in sows, in terms of litter size and piglet weight [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, maternal supplementation with vitamin E alone or with combined vitamins C and E from 90 days of gestation and during lactation did not show significant effects on the weight of the piglets at weaning [ 31 ]. Similar results were obtained when sows were treated with vitamin E plus selenium, vitamin C alone, or the combination of both during the last 15 days of pregnancy [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Supplementation with Herbal Antioxidants during Pregnancy in Swine

et al. 2021

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The effects of a combined supplementation with herbal antioxidants during pregnancy on reproductive traits and piglet performance (number of live, dead, and mummified newborns and litter weight at birth and individual body weight at both birth and weaning) were assessed in a total of 1027 sows (504 treated and 523 control females) kept under commercial breeding conditions. The supplementation increased the number of live-born piglets (13.64 ± 0.11 vs. 12.96 ± 0.13 in the controls; p = 0.001) and the total litter weight, decreasing the incidence of low-weight piglets without affecting the number of stillbirths and mummified newborns. Such an effect was modulated by the number of parity and the supplementation, with supplementation increasing significantly the number of living newborns in the first, second, sixth, and seventh parities (0.87, 1.10, 1.49, and 2.51 additional piglets, respectively; p < 0.05). The evaluation of plasma vitamin concentration and biomarkers of oxidative stress (total antioxidant capacity, TAC, and malondialdehyde concentration, MDA) performed in a subset of farrowing sows and their lighter and heavier piglets showed that plasma levels of both vitamins were significantly higher in the piglets than in their mothers (p < 0.05 for vitamin C and p < 0.005 for vitamin E), with antioxidant supplementation increasing significantly such concentrations. Concomitantly, there were no differences in maternal TAC but significantly higher values in piglets from supplemented sows (p < 0.05). On the other hand, supplementation decreased plasma MDA levels both in the sows and their piglets (p < 0.05). Finally, the piglets from supplemented mothers showed a trend for a higher weaning weight (p = 0.066) and, specifically, piglets with birth weights above 1 kg showed a 7.4% higher weaning weight (p = 0.024). Hence, the results of the present study, with high robustness and translational value by offering data from more than 1000 pregnancies under standard breeding conditions, supports that maternal supplementation with herbal antioxidants during pregnancy significantly improves reproductive efficiency, litter traits, and piglet performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Supplementation with Herbal Antioxidants during Pregnancy in Swine

et al. 2021

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“…Oxidative stress occurs if excess free radicals are not removed in time, which leads to metabolic disorders and impaired the health of sows (Kim et al., 2013; Zhao et al., 2013; Zhou, Xu, et al., 2019). Oxidative stress might be an important reasons leading to lower reproduction performance of sows (Cools et al., 2011; Gaykwad et al., 2019; Meng et al., 2018; Su et al., 2017; Tan et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2016). In this study, with the increase of P. purpureum , the ability of scavenging free radicals was improved, the content of MDA in serum of sows in late gestation was reduced, and the content of T‐AOC, T‐SOD and CAT was increased, which indicated that the antioxidant capacity of sows was improved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of supplementing sow diets during late gestation with Pennisetum purpureum on antioxidant indices, immune parameters and faecal microbiota

Huang

Mou

Yang

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of adding Pennisetum purpureum (P. purpureum, also known as Napier grass or elephant grass) to the diets of late gestation on the antioxidant indexes, immune indexes and faecal microbiota of sows. At the 90 days of gestation, 300 healthy sows were randomly divided into three groups, and they received the basic commercial diet or added 5% P. purpureum and 10% P. purpureum, respectively. The experiment started from 90 days of gestation to parturition. The results showed that the total antioxidant capacity, immunoglobulins and serum equol concentrations of sows on 100 days of gestation and at parturition increased linearly (p < .05) with the increase of the content of P. purpureum in the gestation diet. The 5% P. purpureum increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (p = .027) and Actinobacteria (p < .001) at phylum level, Coriobacteriaceae (p < .001) at family level and Prevotellaceae_UCG_001 (p = .004) at genus level, and decreased the relative abundance of Escherichia_Shigella (p < .001) at genus level. In summary, this study shows that the additive of P. purpureum can increase the concentration of serum equol, improve the antioxidant capacity and immune function of sow in late gestation. In addition, the additive of 5% P. purpureum in the diet might change the composition of intestinal microbiota of sows, particularly the relative abundance of Coriobacteriaceae (p < .001) increased.

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“…The older literature that exists on alpha-tocopherol-selenium as a supplement focuses on its effects on maternal colostrum quality and immunoglobulin production rather than on stillbirths, and therefore little is currently understood about its effects in regard to reducing stillbirths [20,21]. The inclusion of ascorbic acid was seemingly not only for its own positive effects as an antioxidant, limiting free radical damage to cells, but also to aid in protecting alpha-tocopherol from oxidative damage (which might reduce the positive effects of its administration) [22,23]. When focusing on reducing stillbirths, supplementation with 1 mL/30 kg BW of alpha-tocopherol-selenium (ATS) (via injection on day 15, 2, and 7, relative to farrowing) in conjunction with 2 g/day/sow of ascorbic acid (AA) in feed (for the last 15 days of pregnancy) significantly increased the average number of live piglets born per sow when compared to the control (CON: 6.666 ± 0.714, ATS + AA: 8.500 ± 0.763, and p < 0.05) [23].…”

Section: Alpha-tocopherol-selenium and Ascorbic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Suitable Supplements to Improve Piglet Survival during Farrowing and Lactation

Threadgold

Greenwood

Wettere

2021

Animals

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Piglet mortality during parturition and prior to weaning is an ongoing economic and welfare issue. This review collates the current literature describing the effects of specific dietary supplements on key parameters affecting piglet survival. Four distinct parameters were identified as having a direct impact on the survival of piglets to weaning: stillbirth rate, birth weight and weight variation, daily gain and weaning weight, and colostrum and milk quality. In the primary stage, relevant literature from the past 5 years was reviewed, followed by a secondary review of literature older than 5 years. The focal parameters benefitted from different supplements. For example, stillbirth may be reduced by supplements in late gestation, including forms of arginine, alpha-tocopherol-selenium, uridine, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast culture, whereas average daily gain and weaning weight were related closely to supplements which improved colostrum and milk quality, most commonly fats and fatty acids in the form of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, soybean oil, and fish oil, and polysaccharides, such as ginseng polysaccharide. Therefore, an effective supplement plan for piglet mortality reduction must consider the circumstances of the individual system and target one or more of the highlighted parameters.

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Adding α-tocopherol-selenium and ascorbic acid to periparturient sow diets influences hemogram, lipid profile, leptin, oxidant/antioxidant imbalance, performance and neonatal piglet mortality

Cited by 11 publications

References 58 publications

Maternal Supplementation with Herbal Antioxidants during Pregnancy in Swine

Maternal Supplementation with Herbal Antioxidants during Pregnancy in Swine

Effects of supplementing sow diets during late gestation with Pennisetum purpureum on antioxidant indices, immune parameters and faecal microbiota

Identifying Suitable Supplements to Improve Piglet Survival during Farrowing and Lactation

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