Addition of Foreign Materials into Gaseous and Liquid Flows

Merzkirch, W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-050658-6.50006-0

Cited by 20 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 249 publications

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“…Surface oil-flow visualisation was performed with a mixture of Titanium-di-oxide, kerosene and a drop of soap oil added to it to avoid the clustering of particles. More details of this visualization can be found in (Merzkirch, 2012). Before starting the wind tunnel, the model was painted with the mixture in the region downstream to the scale array.…”

Section: Surface Flow Visualisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streak formation in flow over biomimetic fish scale arrays

Muthuramalingam

Villemin

Brücker

2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The surface topology of the scale pattern from the European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) was measured using a digital microscope and geometrically reconstructed using Computer Assisted Design modelling. Numerical flow simulations and experiments with a physical model of the surface pattern in a flow channel mimic the flow over the fish surface with a laminar boundary layer. The scale array produces regular rows of alternating, streamwise low-speed and high-speed streaks inside the boundary layer close to the surface, with maximum velocity difference of about 9%. Low-velocity streaks are formed in the central region of the scales whereas the high-velocity streaks originated in the overlapping region between the scales. Thus, those flow patterns are linked to the arrangement and the size of the overlapping scales within the array. Because of the velocity streaks, total drag reduction is found when the scale height is small relative to the boundary layer thickness, i.e. less than 10%. Flow simulations results were compared with surface oil-flow visualisations on the physical model of the surface placed in a flow channel. The results show an excellent agreement in the size and arrangement of the streaky structures. From comparison to recent literature about micro-roughness effects on laminar boundary layer flows it is hypothesized that the fish scales could delay transition which would further reduce the drag.

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Section: Surface Flow Visualisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streak formation in flow over biomimetic fish scale arrays

Muthuramalingam

Villemin

Brücker

2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Fluid Mechanics

Tavoularis¹

2004

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Fluid mechanics encompasses the description and prediction of the motion of fluids. The physical principles and associated mathematical equations that are the basis of theoretical study are presented and the types of approximations employed for the study of different flow phenomena are explained. Special flow configurations and phenomena discussed include internal flows, flows near solid walls, flows past immersed bodies, free shear flows, compressible flows, flow instability and secondary flows, flows through porous media, non‐Newtonian flows and two‐phase flows. Essentials of computational fluid dynamics and flow measurement instrumentation and techniques are also presented.

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Fluid Mechanics

Chhabra¹,

Patel²

2020

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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This article provides an overview of the fundamentals and common applications of fluid mechanics in engineering settings, especially in the context of chemical and process engineering. Starting with the definition of a fluid, types of fluids, concept of continuum, and the Eulerian and Lagrangian viewpoints are introduced. This sets the stage for the development of the Reynolds transport theorem required to apply the laws of physics (conservation of mass and energy and Newton's laws of motion) to open systems in moving fluids. Integral and differential forms of these laws as applied to the moving fluids are obtained. Selected applications such as the estimation of frictional pressure drop in pipes and in packed columns are presented in detail. Similarly, the external flow of fluids over variously shaped objects such as sphere, cylinder, and circular discs is discussed next. The effects of solid boundaries on the detailed flow kinematics such as separation of shear layers and various flow regimes which directly influence the macroscopic flow are discussed briefly. The preceding treatment limited thus far to simple Newtonian fluids is then extended to more complex fluids such as non‐Newtonian and/or the flow of multiphase systems (gas–liquid, liquid–liquid, and gas–solid) in pipes, which are discussed in brief. The commonly used experimental tools in fluid mechanics for velocity, flow, temperature, and pressure measurements in single and multiphase flows are also introduced briefly, followed by the measurement of average holdup in multiphase flow situations. A short discussion of the other important areas of fluid mechanics not covered here is offered, supported by an extensive bibliography for further reading.

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Addition of Foreign Materials into Gaseous and Liquid Flows

Cited by 20 publications

References 249 publications

Streak formation in flow over biomimetic fish scale arrays

Streak formation in flow over biomimetic fish scale arrays

Fluid Mechanics

Fluid Mechanics

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