Addition of palm olein to lard‐supplemented diet indicates myocardial dysfunction and augments oxidative stress by authophagy‐lysosome pathway in rats

Abstract

Dietary fat accounts for more than one third of total energy consumption in most developed countries. The role of fat in the development of obesity and the associated metabolic syndrome is the subject of considerable debate. High-fat diets increase oxidative stress and promote inflammation and are associated with a number of pathologies including obesity and adipocyte dysfunction, diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer (Tan et al., 2018).Different types of fats have different metabolic effects, hence the differences in the degree of risk associated with body weight gain and various pathologies. Detrimental health effects are generally attributed to saturated fatty acids. However, in relation to coronary heart disease, which is the leading cause of death worldwide (World Health

Effects of melatonin and metformin in preventing lysosome-induced autophagy and oxidative stress in rat models of carcinogenesis and the impact of high-fat diet

“…During the experiment, the animals (6/cage) were fed a high-fat diet (10% of total fat: 2.5% from lard, 7.5% from palm olein; Biofer, Slovak Republic) and tap water or a MEL solution ad libitum. We have previously described this type of diet in the study 4 . Mammary carcinogenesis was induced in two intraperitoneal doses of N -methyl- N -nitrosourea (each per 50 mg/kg, with one-week interval between the doses) or in a single intragastric dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA, 20 mg/rat) administered in a sensitive period of mammary gland development (postnatal days 40–50) 27 .…”

“…It is known that the risk of malignant transformation may be increased by various other lifestyle-related factors, e.g. working at night, insomnia, poor diet, and high dietary fat content 4 . Hence, elucidation of the potential mechanisms responsible for the increased production of reactive oxygen species in cancer cells in highly developed countries is an important component of basic research.…”

“…MEL properties are involved in its oncostatic effect, which was first reported in the MCF-7 mammary adenocarcinoma line; later on, its preventive and therapeutic effect was reported in many experimental neoplasia models and human cancers 14 , 15 . Induced by lifestyle-related factors, especially women's night work and exposure to such xenobiotics as alcohol 4 , 16 , significant reductions in synthesis of MEL, i.e. a potential antioxidant and anti-cancer agent, have become widely underlined in cancer pathogenesis.…”