Additional evidence against measles vaccine administration to infants less than 12 months of age: Altered immune response following active/passive immunization

Wilkins, Jeanette; Wehrle, Paul F.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(79)80203-6

Cited by 91 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…7,22,23 Children without detectable plaque reduction neutralization antibody after a first dose responded to revaccination with a primary-type response and maintained antibody titers after revaccination above levels believed to be protective, whereas revaccination of children with low levels of plaque reduction neutralization antibody induced a secondary-type response, with antibodies returning rapidly to levels below protective threshold. 24 In Germany, among ∼7000 2-dose recipients, the proportion without detectable antibodies decreased steadily with older age at first dose to reach a nadir between 18 and 23 months. 25 The proportion seronegative also increased with time since the second dose, and the proportion seronegative $6 years after the second dose was similar to that observed in single-dose recipients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles in Children Vaccinated With 2 Doses of MMR

et al. 2013

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OBJECTIVE: A previous measles outbreak investigation in a high school in Quebec, Canada identified 2-dose vaccine effectiveness of 94%. The risk of measles in 2-dose recipients was significantly higher (2–4 times) when measles vaccine was first administered at 12 versus ≥15 months of age, with no significant effect of the age at second dose. Generalizability of this association was also assessed in the expanded provincial data set of notified cases. METHODS: This matched case–control study included only 2-dose recipients. All confirmed (laboratory or epidemiologically linked) cases in patients aged 5 to 17 years were included. Each case was matched to 5 controls. RESULTS: A total of 102 cases and 510 controls were included; 89% of cases were in patients 13 to 17 years old. When the first dose was administered at 12 to 13 months compared with ≥15 months of age, the risk of measles in participants outside the outbreak school was 6 times higher (95% confidence interval, 1.33–29.3) and was 5.2 times higher (95% confidence interval, 1.91–14.3) in the pooled estimate (participants from the outbreak school + outside that school). CONCLUSIONS: A significantly greater risk of measles among 2-dose recipients whose first dose was given at 12 to 13 months rather than ≥15 months of age is confirmed in the larger Quebec data set. The mechanism remains unknown, but vaccine failures in 2-dose recipients could have substantial implications for measles elimination efforts through 2-dose vaccination. The optimal age at first dose may warrant additional evaluation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles in Children Vaccinated With 2 Doses of MMR

et al. 2013

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“…Therefore antibody response titres were significantly inversely correlated with antibody status before mass vaccination, i.e. subjects with high antibody status showed a weak response [26,[36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response to measles vaccine after mass vaccination in Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran

Yekta¹,

Pourali²,

Taravati³

et al. 2009

East Mediterr Health J

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We investigated the effectiveness of the mass measles vaccination campaign in Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran, by examining the measles IgG seroprevalence and antibody response from paired data before and after the campaign. The overall seropositive rate of 624 subjects aged 5-25 years increased 1 year after the mass vaccination (from 53.0% to 72.3%). A rise in antibody titre occurred in all age groups except the 21-25 years group, which had the highest titre before mass vaccination. On logistic regression analysis, only immune status prior to vaccination was significantly associated with the seroresponse. It may be cost-effective to check antibody titres before mass vaccinations, especially in high vaccine coverage regions with circulating wild virus. ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎ،‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻘﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺼﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ‬

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“…24,26 Because MMR vaccine is routinely given at or after 12 months of age, concern about a lack of a sustained immune response to a second dose of measles-containing vaccine should be minimal. Infants who receive measles vaccine before 12 months of age should receive two subsequent doses of MMR vaccine beginning at or after 12 months of age.…”

Section: Impact Of Second-dose Measles Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Age for Routine Administration of the Second Dose of Measles–Mumps–Rubella Vaccine

1998

Pediatrics

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ABSTRACT. The purpose of this statement is to inform physicians of a modification in the recommendation of the appropriate age for routine administration of the second dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. The implementation of the two-dose measles vaccine schedule has improved the control of measles, but some outbreaks continue to occur in school children, although >95% of children in school have received one dose of vaccine. Because most measles vaccine failures are attributable to failure to respond to the first dose, that all children receive two doses of measles-containing vaccine is essential for the control of measles. Routine administration of the second dose of MMR vaccine at school entry (4 to 6 years of age) will help prevent schoolbased outbreaks. Physicians should continue to review the records of all children 11 to 12 years of age to be certain that they have received two doses of MMR vaccine after their first birthday. Documenting that all school children have received two doses of measles-containing vaccine by the year 2001 will help ensure the elimination of measles in the United States and contribute to the global effort to control and possibly eradicate measles.

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Additional evidence against measles vaccine administration to infants less than 12 months of age: Altered immune response following active/passive immunization

Cited by 91 publications

References 13 publications

Measles in Children Vaccinated With 2 Doses of MMR

Measles in Children Vaccinated With 2 Doses of MMR

Immune response to measles vaccine after mass vaccination in Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran

Age for Routine Administration of the Second Dose of Measles–Mumps–Rubella Vaccine

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