Additional Time in Soccer – Influence of League and Referee

Prüßner, René; Siegle, Malte

doi:10.1080/24748668.2015.11868813

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…They showed that in 51% of all matches the additional time was set too short. In a follow-up study Prüßner and Siegle (2015) analysed 669 elite league matches in Spain, Italy, Germany and England. In the Premier League the additional time was set too short in 31% of the matches, in the Primera Division 36%, in the Seria A 43% and in the German Bundesliga 57%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Game stoppages as a tactical means in soccer – a comparison of the FIFA World Cups™ 2006 and 2014

Augste

Cordes

2016

International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport

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The intention of the present study was to examine, if interruptions are used as a tactical means in international competitions and if law changes influence the duration. Therefore, the 32 matches of the knockout stage of the FIFA World Cups 2006 and 2014 were analysed and compared. Free kicks in 2014, when vanishing spray was used, took significantly longer than in 2006 (P < .01). Players were substituted faster by teams behind than at even score (P < .01), but not slower by leading teams (P > .05). The number of injuries with medical intervention was significantly higher for teams ahead than for teams behind (P < .05). When injured players had to be carried off the field by law in 2006, play was continued faster than in 2014 (P < .05). Overall, in 2014 leading teams used game stoppages more intensively to kill time than in 2006. To hinder this undesired development officials could think about introducing the concept of net playing time. At least referees should be sensitised for this behaviour even more than nowadays.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Game stoppages as a tactical means in soccer – a comparison of the FIFA World Cups™ 2006 and 2014

Augste

Cordes

2016

International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport

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“…Since team performance may be different in different competitions [41], we used data from the regular league games, and excluded games played in playoff matches or different competitions such as Spain's King's Cup. Games from each league were analyzed separately to identify possible differences between the leagues, as refereeing differences between leagues have been observed [35].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The referee bias can also be evident from the differences between refereeing in home and road games [26,27,28,29,30,25,31,32,33]. Some evidence have shown referee bias in the stoppage time (extra time) of the game [31,34,35], and differences in the interpretation of tackles [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Penalty Kicks and Yellow Card Referee Decisions in Soccer

Soares¹,

Shamir²

2016

AJSS

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Soccer referees are required to make instant decisions during the game under non-optimal conditions such as imperfect view of the incident and substantial pressure from the crowd, the teams, and the media. Some of the decisions can be subjective, such as a yellow card decision after a foul is called, where different referees might make different decisions. Here we perform quantitative analysis of factors related to the reputation of the team such as the team's rank, budget, and crowd attendance in home games, and correlate these factors with referee decisions such as penalty kicks and yellow cards. The calls were normalized by dividing the number of yellow cards by the number of fouls, and the number of penalty kicks by the number of shot attempts from the penalty box. Application of the analysis to the four major soccer leagues shows that certain referee decisions have significant correlation with factors such as the team's rank, budget, and audience in home games, while for other decisions the Pearson correlation is not statistically significant. For budget, or audience in home games. On the other hand, a significant Pearson correlation has been identified between the chance of a foul call to result in a yellow card and the rank or budget of the team in the Bundesliga. The strongest correlation has been observed between the chance of a tackle to result in a foul call, and the budget and rank of the team.

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“…Actual playing time also depends on the additional time set by the referee at the end of each half. It increases as the additional time is longer (Prüßner & Siegle, 2015).…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actual Playing Time in the Senior Football Championship of Romania, League I

Ciolcă

Grigore

Palade

2018

RREM

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Actual playing time is an important problem in the progress of a football game, with implications in both the scientific guidance of the training process and the achievement of superior results. The issue addressed in this research is useful, because it has been noticed that, in the official games played by seniors, a lot of time is wasted on: fixed moments (phases) – throw-in, corner kick, direct and indirect free kicks, referee’s ball, kick-off; substituting players; player injuries during games; solving unexpected situations – the entry of a supporter on the field, the existence of several balls on the field, as well as the discussions between referees and technical staff members. One of the important features of current football, the game dynamics, is also highlighted by a significant number of technical and tactical actions. In this regard, actual playing time must be as long as possible to the detriment of breaks and fragmentations occurred during games. In the context of major competitions – European cups, European Championship and World Championship, there is a visible trend to increase the actual playing time, which can be achieved by using, in the training of football players, some rationalized and standardized methods and means with increased efficiency.

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Additional Time in Soccer – Influence of League and Referee

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Game stoppages as a tactical means in soccer – a comparison of the FIFA World Cups™ 2006 and 2014

Game stoppages as a tactical means in soccer – a comparison of the FIFA World Cups™ 2006 and 2014

Quantitative Analysis of Penalty Kicks and Yellow Card Referee Decisions in Soccer

Actual Playing Time in the Senior Football Championship of Romania, League I

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