Additions to <i>Index Herbariorum</i> (Herbaria), Edition 8—Thirteenth Series

Holmgren, Patricia K.; Holmgren, Noel H.

doi:10.1002/tax.513003

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Nomenclature generally follows Va´z-quez- Garcı´a et al (1995). Herbarium specimens were deposited at IBUG herbaria of the University of Guadalajara (Holmgren et al 1990;Holmgren and Holmgren 1993).…”

Section: Field Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Correlates of Tree and Seedling–Sapling Distributions in a Mexican Tropical Dry Forest

2005

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Bray and Curtis ordination was used to explore which environmental variables explained importance values and the presence-absence of tropical tree seedlings, saplings and adults in La Escondida-La Caban˜a, Sierra de Manantla´n, Jalisco, Mexico. The diameters of trees ‡2.5 cm DBH and the presence and height of seedlings and saplings were measured in nine 0.1 ha sites. Four matrices including presence-absence data and importance value indices for trees and seedlings and saplings were analyzed through Bray and Curtis ordination. The matrices were based on density, frequency, and dominance of adult trees as well as seedlings and saplings. The environmental matrix consisted of 18 variables, including elevation, slope, canopy gaps, disturbance, and soil variables. We recorded 63 tree species and 38 seedling and sapling species in the nine sites. The ordination explained 70.9% of the variation in importance value data for trees and 62.6% for seedlings and saplings. The variation explained in presence-absence data for trees was 67.1 and 77.4% for seedlings and saplings. The variance in the ordination axes of seedlings and sapling presence-absence data was poorly explained by the number of gaps in the tree, shrub, or herb layer, suggesting little light specialization by seedlings and saplings. Habitat specialization for soil nutrients appears to be important in explaining the presence-absence of seedlings and saplings. Seedling and sapling specialization along different soil microsites could promote species coexistence in this forest, while heterogeneity in light conditions may instead determine differences in growth and, thus, importance value of trees. We hypothesize that in tropical dry forest in Jalisco, Mexico, a habitat specialization for soil resources is likely more important at early stages in tree life histories than in later life history.

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Section: Field Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Correlates of Tree and Seedling–Sapling Distributions in a Mexican Tropical Dry Forest

2005

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“…Permaculture thinking fundamentally accepts natural limits, meaning the "impossibility of continuous growth in anything" and the "ecological realities of decline, which are as natural and creative as those of growth." 130 In other words, permaculture accepts the undulating rhythms of growth and decay whereas "our prior culture of growth" has made it difficult to visualize decline "as positive," as Holmgren puts it. 131 Certainly economists' fundamental preoccupation with maintaining constant rates of financial growth for nations have contributed significantly to the prevailing culture of growth.…”

Section: The Growth Paradigm Encounters Permaculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Undermining the Growth Paradigm

Nowlin

2017

Dialogue

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For three centuries the primary aspiration of Western governments has been constant economic growth but with the Industrial Revolution this objective became troublesome. In the 20thcentury unprecedented levels of industrial production and social consumption caused palpable harm to humans and the environment. Hannah Arendt and John Kenneth Galbraith turned their pens to such concerns and Bill Mollison and David Holmgren advocated a permaculture approach to growth, one that strives to limit human interference in natural growth processes. Today’s precarious economic and ecological imbalances could be stabilized by a shift in applied growth paradigms, from capitalist to permaculturist.

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“…Commelina communis inflorescences of varying ages were collected for study from wild outdoor populations. A collection in the summer of 2005 at The Ephrata Bowman's Club in Ephrata Township, Pennsylvania, USA, was vouchered as Sloat 3 in the James C. Parks Herbarium (MVSC, following Holmgren and Holmgren, 1998). A second collection was made during that same summer from a population located behind the Stayer Education Building, Millersville University ( Sloat 2 , MVSC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral organogenesis and the developmental basis for pollinator deception in the asiatic dayflower, Commelina communis (Commelinaceae)

Hardy

Sloat²,

Faden

2009

American J of Botany

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The upper half of flowers in Commelina communis deceptively lures potential pollinators with its showy petals and staminodes on the false promise of abundant pollen. This paper presents evidence that staminodization in the upper half is associated with a severe retardation of the entire upper floral hemisphere early in development. Possible consequences of this developmental retardation are seen also in the gynoecium, where the upper carpel of the three-carpellate ovary is underdeveloped and sterile at maturity. Only late in development do the upper petals and staminodes expand and acquire pigments necessary for their attractive function. We surmise that retardations of this severity are unlikely to be found for functionally fertile organs such as stamens and ovule-producing carpels, because key preparatory events preceding sporogenesis might otherwise be disrupted. Such differential growth about the floral apex resembles that known in some eudicots to be regulated by the TCP gene family; thus, future molecular developmental studies in Commelina may help to extend our understanding of the evolutionary genetics of floral monosymmetry to monocots.

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Additions to Index Herbariorum (Herbaria), Edition 8—Thirteenth Series

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental Correlates of Tree and Seedling–Sapling Distributions in a Mexican Tropical Dry Forest

Environmental Correlates of Tree and Seedling–Sapling Distributions in a Mexican Tropical Dry Forest

Understanding and Undermining the Growth Paradigm

Floral organogenesis and the developmental basis for pollinator deception in the asiatic dayflower, Commelina communis (Commelinaceae)

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