Additive effect of simultaneously varying respiratory frequency and tidal volume on respiratory sinus arrhythmia

Using Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia to Estimate Inspired Tidal Volume in the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

“…In addition, future studies should also assess whether this method is robust enough to study active or free-ranging dolphins. During natural dives f R and V T may both be highly variable and irregular, and alterations in the relationship between RSA, vagal tone, f R , and V T (de Burgh Daly, 1986; Ben-Tal et al, 2014; Guillén-Mandujano and Carrasco-Sosa, 2014; Mortola et al, 2016) may limit the accuracy of a model developed for dolphins at rest. Thus, changes in activity state, e.g., exercise, rest, travel, diving, may significantly influence autonomic tone and alter the relationship.…”

Ajustes cardiorrespiratórios durante a manobra de acentuação da arritmia sinusal respiratória: influência do tempo da manobra sobre o volume minuto, fração expirada de CO2 e variabilidade da frequência cardíaca

“…These responses may be determined by the central command and peripheral afferent impulses (such as chemoreceptors) 13,14 along the conduct of the RSA-M. In this sense, Guillén-Mandujan et al 15 , who evaluated the influence from different respiratory frequencies and lung volumes on the RSA-M, showed that both conditions are able to determine cardiovascular adjustments independently. Interestingly, Shields 2 suggested that one of the factors that can decrease HRV during the RSA-M performed with duration greater than 90 seconds is the possibility of inducing hypocapnia.…”

Types of Interference Effects on the Autonomic-Cardiovascular Response to the Simultaneous Performance of Active Orthostatic and Cold Face Tests

“…Maneuver Recovery * * * * translated this methodology to the study of autonomic cardiovascular control to evaluate the FIE provoked by fluctuating respiratory patterns on HF RR power [8]. In the present study, our methodology is further improved by: considering complex responses, as those of AOT and CFT; tracking the time-course of a battery of estimators including our proposed sympathetic activity indexes, LF PP and LF dmAP [4], and, particularly, assessing the FIEI in an instantaneous fashion.…”

“…To answer these questions, we modified an experimental strategy that has been employed to evaluate the suppressive and facilitatory interactions in the electrical response of sensory cortical areas [6,7]. Recently, we studied the interference effects between regions of the autonomic nervous system when stimulated by complex respiratory maneuvers [8].…”

“…To answer these questions, we modified an experimental strategy that has been employed to evaluate the suppressive and facilitatory interactions in the electrical response of sensory cortical areas [6,7]. Recently, we studied the interference effects between regions of the autonomic nervous system when stimulated by complex respiratory maneuvers [8].Our methodological strategy was to compare the responses to two different maneuvers applied separately and simultaneously, testing the assumption that, if the response to the simultaneous maneuver equals the sum of the separate responses, no functional interference effects (FIE) are produced, so, there is no convergence of inputs. Thus, we assessed the time course of FIE provoked by CFAOT relative to the sum of the separate effects of CFT and AOT (CFT+AOT) on the instantaneous spectral measures derived from heart rate and arterial pressure (AP) variabilities, BRS and RSAS.…”