Additive Manufacturing for Aerospace Flight Applications

Shapiro, Andrew A.; Borgonia, John Paul; Chen, Qian Nataly; Dillon, R. Peter; McEnerney, Bryan W.; Pólit-Casillas, Raúl; Soloway, L.

doi:10.2514/1.a33544

Cited by 124 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“… Quick production time (Nakano et al, 2015)  Reduced number of production steps, near net shape process (Zietala et al, 2016)(Nakono et al, 2015  No tooling needed, reducing time and cost (Holmström, 2010)  Customisation (Holmström, 2010)  Ability to easily make changes to design (Holmström, 2010)  Production of complex parts (Uriondo et al, 2015)  Can produce parts with complex internal structures (Nakano et al, 2015)  Ability to produce both solid and porous structures (Li et al, 2010)  Repair of parts (Uriondo et al, 2015)  Small production batches are feasible and economical (Holmström, 2010)  Reduction of waste (Holmström, 2010)  A high percentage of the material can be recycled (Nakano et al, 2015)  New design possibilities, including multi-material parts (Shapiro et al, 2016) These benefits of AM drive the interest in research and development of AM technologies.…”

Section: Benefits Of Ammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently the ability of AM to produce parts individualised for a specific purpose is a large motivating force, driving its use in industries such as the medical industry (Holmström, 2010) (Nakano et al, 2015). In the aerospace industry, the potential for development of new materials, design opportunities and the formation of complex parts is of particular interest (Shapiro et al, 2016). These applications display the importance of AM and the motivation for further development in this field.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that there is massive potential for the use of AM for aerospace flight applications (Shapiro et al, 2016). AM offers new design possibilities that…”

Section: Aerospace Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, gradient materials could be manufactured in which the material composition changes throughout the part. AM could also allow for a combination of multiple assemblies to be manufactured in a single part, and for high complexity parts to be produced (Shapiro et al, 2016). Another interesting potential application of AM is that it could allow for in situ fabrication and assembly of components, allowing the possibility of components to be manufactured in space (Shapiro et al, 2016).…”

Section: Aerospace Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AM could also allow for a combination of multiple assemblies to be manufactured in a single part, and for high complexity parts to be produced (Shapiro et al, 2016). Another interesting potential application of AM is that it could allow for in situ fabrication and assembly of components, allowing the possibility of components to be manufactured in space (Shapiro et al, 2016). Uriondo et al (2015) also stated that the repair of parts by AM techniques is also of interest to the aerospace industry.…”

Section: Aerospace Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation into the effect of subsequent layer addition on the microstructure and properties of previous layers during direct laser deposition of 316L stainless steel

Robinson¹

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is a new and emerging technology in which further research is needed in order to make the most of its potential and unique benefits compared to conventional manufacturing. This current work helps to develop an understanding of AM processes by investigating the effect of subsequent layer addition on previous layers during direct laser deposition. As subsequent layers are added to a part, heat is transferred into previous layers, which may change the microstructure and properties of the pervious layers.There is no current research into the effect of these reheating cycles. In this work a new and innovative approach is used in which samples of different numbers of layers are produced and analysed, allowing the effect of reheating due to subsequent layer addition to be individually investigated. A LENS 450 system is used to produce samples of various numbers of layers (2 layer, 3 layer, 4 layer etc.) and the microstructure and hardness of the same layer in different samples is compared. Before the main research was performed the processing parameters were optimised for the LENS 450 system. It was determined that a powder feed rate of 5rpm, scanning speed of 18ipm and laser power of 300W produced the best component for this system, with a minimum amount of porosity. The optimum sample had only 0.34% porosity and a hardness of 203HV ± 23HV. The overall outcome of the work was that a generation of new knowledge about direct laser deposition processes was obtained, which will thus help in future development and control of AM processes. It was concluded that there was no significant change in properties with the subsequent layer addition due to the austenitic stainless steel exhibiting no phase changes on heating or cooling, which is a property unique to the austenitic stainless steels. END ii Acknowledgement

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Section: Benefits Of Ammentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that there is massive potential for the use of AM for aerospace flight applications (Shapiro et al, 2016). AM offers new design possibilities that…”

Section: Aerospace Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerospace Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerospace Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Investigation into the effect of subsequent layer addition on the microstructure and properties of previous layers during direct laser deposition of 316L stainless steel

Robinson¹

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Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys: Processability, Properties, and Applications

Mosallanejad,

Abdi,

Karpasand

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

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The restricted number of materials available for additive manufacturing (AM) technologies is a determining impediment to AM growing into sectors and providing supply chain relief. AM, in particular, is regarded as a trustworthy manufacturing technology to replace the traditional ones for Ti alloy components. Furthermore, the AM processability of Ti alloys and their features, such as microstructure, texture, and mechanical properties, is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of the processed alloy. It is essential to consider the ultimate applications as well. β Ti alloys are gaining popularity in the biomedical industry, while α + β Ti alloys are increasingly utilized for producing components in the automotive and aerospace sectors. Consequently, the topic has garnered considerable interest, and the current text reviews the advances during the last 10 years in this area to facilitate the pathway from the demanded Ti alloy to the best‐fit AM procedure. While systematically reviewing the works published in the literature, the current text attempts to establish a link between the production method, feedstock type, chemical composition, and the ultimate application. This review also features practical applications of Ti components produced by metal AM methods and offers prospective possibilities and industrial applications.

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Additive Manufacturing of Piezoelectric Materials

Cheng

Wang

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

256

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The development of energy harvesting devices can not only effectively extend the service life of electronic equipment, but also bring convenience to equipment with power supplies that cannot be changed easily. Although the existing green energy sources can provide power to electronic devices efficiently, it is difficult to apply them to micro and small electronic devices with power on the order of mW or µW because of their demanding use conditions and large power generation. For these reasons, the energy generated by mechanical vibration and human movement has become a popular energy choice for microelectronic devices. [7-10] At present, there are several ways to convert the mechanical energy generated by vibration or moving objects into the electrical energy required by electronic equipment, including electromagnetic, [11,12] electrostatic, [13,14] and piezoelectric effect. [15,16] Compared with electromagnetic and electrostatic techniques, piezoelectric materials stand out because of their high energy conversion efficiency and strong piezoelectric sensitivity. [17,18] They can directly convert the applied mechanical stress into available electrical energy and are easy to integrate into the system, thus attracting extensive attention. These materials have been applied in many fields such as piezoelectric sensors, [19,20] actuators, [21,22] ultrasonic transducers, [23,24] and energy harvesters. [25,26] From this, we can see that piezoelectric materials show great development potential for emerging functional materials and have become the focus of future research regarding renewable clean energy and advanced energy storage materials. [27] The traditional piezoelectric device is fabricated by subtractive manufacturing. This process is not only complicated, long production cycle, low utilization rate of materials, high manufacturing cost, but it also mainly employs cutting technology such as scribing, broaching, sawing, or etching for piezoelectric devices with complex geometric shapes, which greatly limits operating conditions, density and work surroundings of piezoelectric devices. In addition, the mechanical stress generated by the traditional process will cause grain loss, strength degradation,

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Additive Manufacturing for Aerospace Flight Applications

Cited by 124 publications

References 38 publications

Investigation into the effect of subsequent layer addition on the microstructure and properties of previous layers during direct laser deposition of 316L stainless steel

Investigation into the effect of subsequent layer addition on the microstructure and properties of previous layers during direct laser deposition of 316L stainless steel

Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys: Processability, Properties, and Applications

Additive Manufacturing of Piezoelectric Materials

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