Additive manufacturing of PLA-Mg composite scaffolds for hard tissue engineering applications

Bakhshi, Rasoul; Zerankeshi, Meysam Mohammadi; Mehrabi-Dehdezi, Melika; Alizadeh, Reza; Labbaf, Sheyda; Abachi, P.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105655

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The formation of these pores may be linked to the reorientation of HA particles during the filament extrusion process. When HA particles encounter shear forces from the PLA matrix, they do not align perfectly with the flow direction, which results in the formation of pores [36]. The PLA/m-HA/IMK filament exhibits obvious longitudinal cracking, which can be attributed to the shear stresses applied at the nozzle tip experienced by the m-HA particles during the filament extrusion process and the interaction between micron-sized HA particles intensifies, also leading to the formation of crack on the filament surface [36]- [37].…”

Section: Pla/ha/imk Filamentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When HA particles encounter shear forces from the PLA matrix, they do not align perfectly with the flow direction, which results in the formation of pores [36]. The PLA/m-HA/IMK filament exhibits obvious longitudinal cracking, which can be attributed to the shear stresses applied at the nozzle tip experienced by the m-HA particles during the filament extrusion process and the interaction between micron-sized HA particles intensifies, also leading to the formation of crack on the filament surface [36]- [37]. Additionally, it is evident that the PLA/m-HA/IMK filament shows agglomeration of m-HA particles, a result of the initial formation of m-HA itself.…”

Section: Pla/ha/imk Filamentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Hydroxyapatite Particle Size on the Flowability of PLA/HA Filament

Mohd Salleh

2024

JMechE

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Advanced bioactive ceramic materials, Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Polylactic Acid (PLA) are common in bone regeneration implants. As demand for customised implant products increases, research increasingly focuses on developing composite filament manufacturing technology. However, creating PLA/HA composite filament faces challenges, including clumping HA particles and uneven flowability. The brittleness of the filament properties makes it unsuitable for Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) printing, causing inconsistent extrusion and reduced filament strength. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of microHAs (m-HAs) and nanoHAs (n-HAs) in the production of filament composite fibers, based on the flowability assessment. The particle size of the micro-HA was reduced to nano by a ball mill process using 4 mL ethanol and the ball-powder ratio of 5:1, which was verified by the particle size analyzer. The feedstock comprises 79.5 wt.% PLA, 19.5 wt.% HA and 1 wt.% impact modifier (IMK) was mixed and rheological tested (130 ℃ to 150 ℃, shear rate: 20-1000 s-1) to achieve pseudoplastic behaviour (n<1). The rheological tests showed that both feedstocks exhibited pseudoplastic behaviour (n<1) across all temperatures studied. The properties of the feedstock were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile tests evaluated the filament strength. The investigation found that nano-sized HA filament has 24% higher strength than micro-sized PLA/HA filament.

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Section: Pla/ha/imk Filamentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pla/ha/imk Filamentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Hydroxyapatite Particle Size on the Flowability of PLA/HA Filament

Mohd Salleh

2024

JMechE

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“…In fact, PLA is one of the most used and favorable polymers for 3D printing based on FFF technology due, among other things, to its low melting point [ 107 ]. For example, Bakhshi, R. et al [ 108 ] describes the fabrication of scaffolds by FFF technology of PLA matrix and reinforced with magnesium (≤100 µm, irregular flake) for percentages of 0 as the control, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wt.%. The mixing process was developed by dissolving the polymer together with the reinforcement in dichloromethane (DCM) with stirring for 5 min.…”

Section: Bioabsorbable Composite Materials Based On Polymeric Matrix ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( d ) Quantification of the L929 line in terms of cell adhesion and proliferation test. Images adapted from [ 108 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioabsorbable Composites Based on Polymeric Matrix (PLA and PCL) Reinforced with Magnesium (Mg) for Use in Bone Regeneration Therapy: Physicochemical Properties and Biological Evaluation

García-Sobrino,

Muñoz,

Rodríguez-Jara

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Improvements in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM)–type technologies have allowed the development of specific materials that, together with a better understanding of bone tissue structure, have provided new pathways to obtain biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration. In this manuscript, bioabsorbable materials are presented as emerging materials in tissue engineering therapies related to bone lesions because of their ability to degrade in physiological environments while the regeneration process is completed. This comprehensive review aims to explore the studies, published since its inception (2010s) to the present, on bioabsorbable composite materials based on PLA and PCL polymeric matrix reinforced with Mg, which is also bioabsorbable and has recognized osteoinductive capacity. The research collected in the literature reveals studies based on different manufacturing and dispersion processes of the reinforcement as well as the physicochemical analysis and corresponding biological evaluation to know the osteoinductive capacity of the proposed PLA/Mg and PCL/Mg composites. In short, this review shows the potential of these composite materials and serves as a guide for those interested in bioabsorbable materials applied in bone tissue engineering.

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“…By adjusting the proportion of each material, the treatment requirements for different diseases can be satisfied [ 78 ]. For example, Rasoul et al [ 139 ] incorporated magnesium particles into PLA matrix to prepare PLA-Mg composite scaffolds, which improved the shortcomings of poor mechanical properties and slow degradation rate of PLA. Compared with pure PLA, PLA-Mg composite scaffolds have better mechanical properties, higher cell compatibility, and more suitable degradation behavior.…”

Section: Delivery Vehicles and Strategies For Anti-op Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Delivery and Therapy Strategies for Osteoporosis Intervention

Ma,

Zeng,

Yang

et al. 2023

Molecules

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With the advent of the aging society, osteoporosis (OP) risk increases yearly. Currently, the clinical usage of anti-OP drugs is challenged by recurrent side effects and poor patient compliance, regardless of oral, intravenous, or subcutaneous administration. Properly using a drug delivery system or formulation strategy can achieve targeted drug delivery to the bone, diminish side effects, improve bioavailability, and prolong the in vivo residence time, thus effectively curing osteoporosis. This review expounds on the pathogenesis of OP and the clinical medicaments used for OP intervention, proposes the design approach for anti-OP drug delivery, emphatically discusses emerging novel anti-OP drug delivery systems, and enumerates anti-OP preparations under clinical investigation. Our findings may contribute to engineering anti-OP drug delivery and OP-targeting therapy.

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Additive manufacturing of PLA-Mg composite scaffolds for hard tissue engineering applications

Cited by 33 publications

References 42 publications

Influence of Hydroxyapatite Particle Size on the Flowability of PLA/HA Filament

Influence of Hydroxyapatite Particle Size on the Flowability of PLA/HA Filament

Bioabsorbable Composites Based on Polymeric Matrix (PLA and PCL) Reinforced with Magnesium (Mg) for Use in Bone Regeneration Therapy: Physicochemical Properties and Biological Evaluation

Drug Delivery and Therapy Strategies for Osteoporosis Intervention

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