Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional intricate microfeatures by electrolyte-column localized electrochemical deposition

Wang, Wei; Ming, Pingmei; Zhang, Xinmin; Li, Xinchao; Zhang, Yunyan; Niu, Shen; Ao, Sansan

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2021.102582

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Concurrently, the application of an external magnetic field during MLED enhances the magnetic Gibbs free energy difference for reactions (3)-( 6), resulting in a more negative value. This shift leads to a reduction in the total energy of the system's products, thereby fostering the progression of the reaction [9,26]. The cathode substrate upon which deposition occurs comprises paramagnetic material Cu, while the deposited micro-nickel pillar is a weakly magnetic material susceptible to easy magnetization.…”

Section: 𝑁𝑖 + 2𝑒 → 𝑁𝑖mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 𝑁𝑖 + 2𝑒 → 𝑁𝑖mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jet plating initially marked a significant stride towards selective electrodeposition processing, though its localization remains suboptimal due to reliance solely on liquid flow for limiting the deposition area [7,8]. Localized electrochemical deposition (LED), for instance, finds frequent application in the deposition of mainly 3D microstructures [9], albeit with prevalent issues of high porosity and subpar surface finish [10,11]. Meanwhile, the meniscus-confined electrodeposition (MCED) process typically takes shape via a micropipette featuring a micron/submicron-size dispensing tip [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Magnetic Field on Maskless Localized Electrodepositing Three-Dimensional Microstructure of Nano Nickel Crystals

Wu,

Jiang,

Xiao

et al. 2024

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the intricate process of maskless localized electrodeposition (MLED) for fabricating three-dimensional microstructures, specifically nickel micro-columns with an aspect ratio of 7:1, magnetic fields of defined strength were employed, oriented both parallel and anti-parallel to the electric field. The aim was to achieve nanocrystalline microstructures and elevated deposition rates. A detailed comparative analysis was conducted to examine the volumetric deposition rate, surface morphology, and grain size of the MLED nickel crystal 3D microstructures, both in the absence and presence of the two magnetic field directions, facilitated by a self-assembled experimental setup. The results indicate that the anti-parallel magnetic field significantly boosts the volumetric deposition rate to a notable 19,050.65 μm3/s and refines the grain size, achieving an average size of 24.82 nm. Conversely, the parallel magnetic field is found to enhance the surface morphology of the MLED nickel crystal 3D microstructure.

show abstract

Section: 𝑁𝑖 + 2𝑒 → 𝑁𝑖mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 𝑁𝑖 + 2𝑒 → 𝑁𝑖mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Magnetic Field on Maskless Localized Electrodepositing Three-Dimensional Microstructure of Nano Nickel Crystals

Wu,

Jiang,

Xiao

et al. 2024

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Maskless EF can theoretically fabricate HAR-MMMCs with a limitless height by continuously moving the anode or cathode during electrodeposition. For example, jet electroforming, a kind of typical maskless EF process [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], adopts an anodized high-speed jet electrolyte against the cathode as a tool to induce metal electrodeposition and the control material growth process. It has been verified that jet electroforming can form microcolumn structures at a considerably high current density (normally 100 A/dm 2 or above), which means that the electrodeposition rate is very high, owing to the existence of high-speed jet electrolytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been verified that jet electroforming can form microcolumn structures at a considerably high current density (normally 100 A/dm 2 or above), which means that the electrodeposition rate is very high, owing to the existence of high-speed jet electrolytes. Wang et al used jet electroforming technology to obtain columnar microcomponents with an AR as high as 30 under the growth rate of 42 μm/min [ 13 ]. However, due to the unconstrained nature of the jet during electrodeposition, which induces serious stray current electrodeposition, the forming accuracy of jet electroforming is significantly low, making it very hard to manufacture precision articles [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jet Electroforming of High-Aspect-Ratio Microcomponents by Periodically Lifting a Necked-Entrance Through-Mask

Zhang,

Ming,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Micromachines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-aspect-ratio micro- and mesoscale metallic components (HAR-MMMCs) can play some unique roles in quite a few application fields, but their cost-efficient fabrication is significantly difficult to accomplish. To address this issue, this study proposes a necked-entrance through-mask (NTM) periodically lifting electroforming technology with an impinging jet electrolyte supply. The effects of the size of the necked entrance of the through-mask and the jet speed of the electrolyte on electrodeposition behaviors, including the thickness distribution of the growing top surface, deposition defect formation, geometrical accuracy, and electrodeposition rate, are investigated numerically and experimentally. Ensuring an appropriate size of the necked entrance can effectively improve the uniformity of deposition thickness, while higher electrolyte flow velocities help enhance the density of the components under higher current densities, reducing the formation of deposition defects. It was shown that several precision HAR-MMMCs with an AR of 3.65 and a surface roughness (Ra) of down to 36 nm can be achieved simultaneously with a relatively high deposition rate of 3.6 μm/min and thickness variation as low as 1.4%. Due to the high current density and excellent mass transfer effects in the electroforming conditions, the successful electroforming of components with a Vickers microhardness of up to 520.5 HV was achieved. Mesoscale precision columns with circular and Y-shaped cross-sections were fabricated by using this modified through-mask movable electroforming process. The proposed NTM periodic lifting electroforming method is promisingly advantageous in fabricating precision HAR-MMMCs cost-efficiently.

show abstract

Electrochemical Deposition Toward Thin Films

Pandit

Goda

Shaikh

2023

Simple Chemical Methods for Thin Film Deposition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional intricate microfeatures by electrolyte-column localized electrochemical deposition

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of Magnetic Field on Maskless Localized Electrodepositing Three-Dimensional Microstructure of Nano Nickel Crystals

Effect of Magnetic Field on Maskless Localized Electrodepositing Three-Dimensional Microstructure of Nano Nickel Crystals

Jet Electroforming of High-Aspect-Ratio Microcomponents by Periodically Lifting a Necked-Entrance Through-Mask

Electrochemical Deposition Toward Thin Films

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About