Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Fabrication of Bone Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications

Jahani, Babak; Wang, Xinnan; Brooks, Amanda E.

doi:10.21926/rpm.2003021

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…A schematic of the SLM technique is depicted in Figure 6. ity consumption, and creation of structural defects such as anisotropy, gas entrapment, lack of fusion, and the micro-porosity (less than 2%) can be mentioned (Table 2) [35,36]. Zhang et al [39] investigated the effect of selective laser melting energy density on the stainless steel 316 L. According to their studies, among the factors that determine the The SLM process imparts superior mechanical properties compared to the SLS technology as a result of the complete melting of the powder.…”

Section: Selective Laser Meltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes

Tebianian,

Aghaie,

Razavi Jafari

et al. 2023

Materials

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Metal additive manufacturing (AM) is a layer-by-layer process that makes the direct manufacturing of various industrial parts possible. This method facilitates the design and fabrication of complex industrial, advanced, and fine parts that are used in different industry sectors, such as aerospace, medicine, turbines, and jewelry, where the utilization of other fabrication techniques is difficult or impossible. This method is advantageous in terms of dimensional accuracy and fabrication speed. However, the parts fabricated by this method may suffer from faults such as anisotropy, micro-porosity, and defective joints. Metals like titanium, aluminum, stainless steels, superalloys, etc., have been used—in the form of powder or wire—as feed materials in the additive manufacturing of various parts. The main criterion that distinguishes different additive manufacturing processes from each other is the deposition method. With regard to this criterion, AM processes can be divided into four classes: local melting, sintering, sheet forming, and electrochemical methods. Parameters affecting the properties of the additive-manufactured part and the defects associated with an AM process determine the method by which a certain part should be manufactured. This study is a survey of different additive manufacturing processes, their mechanisms, capabilities, shortcomings, and the general properties of the parts manufactured by them.

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Section: Selective Laser Meltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes

Tebianian,

Aghaie,

Razavi Jafari

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…The goal of tissue engineering is to restore, maintain, or fix the biological function of the particular damaged tissues or whole organs. This process involves reviving cells and/or tissues from their natural biological environment, followed by their in vitro growth and proliferation using suitable scaffold growth factors for the desired tissue [ 72 , 73 ]. Finally, the ready tissue or organ are reintroduced into the biological micro-environments, as summarized in Figure 2 .…”

Section: Tissue Scaffolding and Regenerative Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the ready tissue or organ are reintroduced into the biological micro-environments, as summarized in Figure 2 . The concept of tissue engineering has been used beyond therapeutic and cosmetic purposes, including biosensing, monitoring, and diagnostic intentions [ 72 , 74 ].…”

Section: Tissue Scaffolding and Regenerative Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Role of Biopolymer Aerogel Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

et al. 2021

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The global transplantation market size was valued at USD 8.4 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 11.5% over the forecast period. The increasing demand for tissue transplantation has inspired researchers to find alternative approaches for making artificial tissues and organs function. The unique physicochemical and biological properties of biopolymers and the attractive structural characteristics of aerogels such as extremely high porosity, ultra low-density, and high surface area make combining these materials of great interest in tissue scaffolding and regenerative medicine applications. Numerous biopolymer aerogel scaffolds have been used to regenerate skin, cartilage, bone, and even heart valves and blood vessels by growing desired cells together with the growth factor in tissue engineering scaffolds. This review focuses on the principle of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine and the role of biopolymer aerogel scaffolds in this field, going through the properties and the desirable characteristics of biopolymers and biopolymer tissue scaffolds in tissue engineering applications. The recent advances of using biopolymer aerogel scaffolds in the regeneration of skin, cartilage, bone, and heart valves are also discussed in the present review. Finally, we highlight the main challenges of biopolymer-based scaffolds and the prospects of using these materials in regenerative medicine.

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“…The 3D-printed PCL scaffolds have demonstrated customized anatomical shapes, controllable porous architectures, processability, and desirable mechanical properties used for bone tissue engineering grafts in preclinical and clinical investigations. Recently, the commercialized products of 3D-printed PCL including Osteoplug and Osteomesh (Osteopore) implants have been employed as bone void fillers. , However, the PCL application was limited by hydrophobicity, poor cell affinity, and cell surface recognition sites. Therefore, the surface treatment by changing the surface topography and surface chemistry should be applied to circumvent these limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the commercialized products of 3D-printed PCL including Osteoplug and Osteomesh (Osteopore) implants have been employed as bone void fillers. 15 , 16 However, the PCL application was limited by hydrophobicity, poor cell affinity, and cell surface recognition sites. Therefore, the surface treatment by changing the surface topography and surface chemistry should be applied to circumvent these limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pore Characteristics and Alkali Treatment on the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of a 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone Bone Scaffold

et al. 2023

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Polycaprolactone scaffolds were designed and 3D-printed with different pore shapes (cube and triangle) and sizes (500 and 700 μm) and modified with alkaline hydrolysis of different ratios (1, 3, and 5 M). In total, 16 designs were evaluated for their physical, mechanical, and biological properties. The present study mainly focused on the pore size, porosity, pore shapes, surface modification, biomineralization, mechanical properties, and biological characteristics that might influence bone ingrowth in 3D-printed biodegradable scaffolds. The results showed that the surface roughness in treated scaffolds increased compared to untreated polycaprolactone scaffolds (R a = 2.3−10.5 nm and R q = 17− 76 nm), but the structural integrity declined with an increase in the NaOH concentration especially in the scaffolds with small pores and a triangle shape. Overall, the treated polycaprolactone scaffolds particularly with the triangle shape and smaller pore size provided superior performance in mechanical strength similar to that of cancellous bone. Additionally, the in vitro study showed that cell viability increased in the polycaprolactone scaffolds with cubic pore shapes and small pore sizes, whereas mineralization was enhanced in the designs with larger pore sizes. Based on the results obtained, this study demonstrated that the 3D-printed modified polycaprolactone scaffolds exhibit a favorable mechanical property, biomineralization, and better biological properties; therefore, they can be applied in bone tissue engineering.

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Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Fabrication of Bone Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications

Cited by 12 publications

References 172 publications

A Review of the Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes

A Review of the Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes

Insights into the Role of Biopolymer Aerogel Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Effect of Pore Characteristics and Alkali Treatment on the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of a 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone Bone Scaffold

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