Additive manufacturing technologies with emphasis on stereolithography 3D printing in pharmaceutical and medical applications: A review

Lakkala, Preethi; Munnangi, Siva Ram; Bandari, Suresh; Repka, Michael A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100159

Cited by 77 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 109 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…SLA produces microelectrodes with smooth surfaces, reducing the risk of tissue irritation and inflammation. Moreover, the technique facilitates the incorporation of specialized coatings or surface modifications to enhance tissue integration and minimize the immune response . This surface engineering capability is vital for creating biocompatible microelectrodes.…”

Section: D Printing Techniques For Fabricating Implantable Microelect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive research is crucial for refining material formulations to achieve optimal electrical performance. Long-term stability within the body remains a concern for SLA-printed microelectrodes, necessitating comprehensive solutions for material degradation, wear, and corrosion to maintain performance and patient safety over time …”

Section: D Printing Techniques For Fabricating Implantable Microelect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Use of 3D Printing Techniques to Fabricate Implantable Microelectrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Zilinskaite,

Shukla,

Baradoke

2023

ACS Meas. Sci. Au

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This Review provides a comprehensive overview of 3D printing techniques to fabricate implantable microelectrodes for the electrochemical detection of biomarkers in the early diagnosis of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Early diagnosis of these diseases is crucial to improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare systems' burden. Biomarkers serve as measurable indicators of these diseases, and implantable microelectrodes offer a promising tool for their electrochemical detection. Here, we discuss various 3D printing techniques, including stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), and two-photon polymerization (2PP), highlighting their advantages and limitations in microelectrode fabrication. We also explore the materials used in constructing implantable microelectrodes, emphasizing their biocompatibility and biodegradation properties. The principles of electrochemical detection and the types of sensors utilized are examined, with a focus on their applications in detecting biomarkers for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we address the current challenges and future perspectives in the field of 3D-printed implantable microelectrodes, emphasizing their potential for improving early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.

show abstract

Section: D Printing Techniques For Fabricating Implantable Microelect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: D Printing Techniques For Fabricating Implantable Microelect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of 3D Printing Techniques to Fabricate Implantable Microelectrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Zilinskaite,

Shukla,

Baradoke

2023

ACS Meas. Sci. Au

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As a technology that can provide geometrically complex structures in a single step at the microscale while ensuring affordable and time-efficient fabrication, 3D printing has become the cutting-edge manufacturing process for MF systems [ 37 , 38 ]. There are numerous 3D printing methods that can be used for a variety of applications such as fused deposition modeling [ 39 ], selective laser melting [ 40 ], photopolymer inkjet printing [ 41 ], laminated object manufacturing [ 42 ], stereolithography [ 43 ], etc. Stereolithographic (SLA) printers have revolutionized many manufacturing processes with their ability to easily produce highly precise structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed Microfluidic Chip for Real-Time Glucose Monitoring in Liquid Analytes

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The connection of macrosystems with microsystems for in-line measurements is important in different biotechnological processes as it enables precise and accurate monitoring of process parameters at a small scale, which can provide valuable insights into the process, and ultimately lead to improved process control and optimization. Additionally, it allows continuous monitoring without the need for manual sampling and analysis, leading to more efficient and cost-effective production. In this paper, a 3D printed microfluidic (MF) chip for glucose (Glc) sensing in a liquid analyte is proposed. The chip made in Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) contains integrated serpentine-based micromixers realized via stereolithography with a slot for USB-like integration of commercial DropSens electrodes. After adjusting the sample’s pH in the first micromixer, small volumes of the sample and enzyme are mixed in the second micromixer and lead to a sensing chamber where the Glc concentration is measured via chronoamperometry. The sensing potential was examined for Glc concentrations in acetate buffer in the range of 0.1–100 mg/mL and afterward tested for Glc sensing in a cell culturing medium. The proposed chip showed great potential for connection with macrosystems, such as bioreactors, for direct in-line monitoring of a quality parameter in a liquid sample.

show abstract

“…SLA and DLP are the two most widely used technologies in commercial UV desktop printers. Due to their high resolution, precision, accuracy and speed, it allows the creation of complex 3D structures ranging from micrometer -sized needles to life-sized organs ( Lakkala et al, 2023 ). Three-dimensional (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), builds objects layer by layer, replicating the computer-aided design (CAD) model and forming geometries by selectively solidifying a liquid resin through photopolymerization reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatibility enhancement via post-processing of microporous scaffolds made by optical 3D printer

Jeršovaitė

Šarachovaitė

Matulaitienė

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Providing a 3D environment that mimics the native extracellular matrix is becoming increasingly important for various applications such as cell function studies, regenerative medicine, and drug discovery. Among the most critical parameters to consider are the scaffold’s complicated micro-scale geometry and material properties. Therefore, stereolithography based on photopolymerization is an emerging technique because of its ability to selectively form volumetric structures from liquid resin through localized polymerization reactions. However, one of the most important parameters of the scaffold is biocompatibility, which depends not only on the material but also on the exposure conditions and post-processing, which is currently underestimated. To investigate this systematically, microporous scaffolds with pore sizes of 0.05 mm3 corresponding to a porosity of 16,4% were fabricated using the stereolithography printer Asiga PICO2 39 UV from the widely used resins FormLabs Clear and Flexible. The use of various polymers is usually limited for cells because, after wet chemical development, the non-negligible amount of remaining monomers intertwined in the photopolymerized structures is significantly toxic to cells. Therefore, the aim of this research was to find the best method to remove monomers from the 3D scaffold by additional UV exposure. For this purpose, a Soxhlet extractor was used for the first time, and the monomers were immersed in different alcohols. A Raman microspectroscopy was also used to investigate whether different post-processing methods affect DC (cross-linking) to find out if this specifically affects the biocompatibility of the scaffolds. Finally, mesenchymal stem cells from rat dental pulp were examined to confirm the increased biocompatibility of the scaffolds and their ability to support cell differentiation into bone tissue cells.

show abstract

Additive manufacturing technologies with emphasis on stereolithography 3D printing in pharmaceutical and medical applications: A review

Cited by 77 publications

References 109 publications

Use of 3D Printing Techniques to Fabricate Implantable Microelectrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Use of 3D Printing Techniques to Fabricate Implantable Microelectrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases

3D-Printed Microfluidic Chip for Real-Time Glucose Monitoring in Liquid Analytes

Biocompatibility enhancement via post-processing of microporous scaffolds made by optical 3D printer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About