Additively manufactured biodegradable porous magnesium

Li, Y.; Zhou, Jie; Pavanram, P.; Leeflang, M.A.; Fockaert, Laura-Lynn; Pouran, Behdad; Tümer, N.; Schröder, Kai‐Uwe; Mol, J.M.C.; Weinans, Harrie; Jahr, Holger; Zadpoor, Amir A.

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2017.12.008

Cited by 313 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…In line with the increasing interest in novel biodegradable metallic scaffolds, XCT has shown good potential to evaluate the microarchitecture of Mg‐based scaffolds showing both porosity and pore size in the optimal range for bone ingrowth (Li et al ., ; Kang et al ., ; Parai & Bandyopadhyay‐Ghosh, ). Li et al .…”

Section: Xct Characterisation Of Scaffolds and Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Li et al . () demonstrate d the capability of XCT to evaluate the corrosion of Mg‐based scaffolds over time, enabling the quantification of volume/mass loss and surface degradation. Novel designs of porous Mg biodegradable scaffolds aimed at mimicking the cortical and trabecular bone structure (Fig.…”

Section: Xct Characterisation Of Scaffolds and Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As 3D printing allows for a defined control on the scaffold microarchitecture, different porosities and strut sizes and spacing can be easily produce (Zhang & Zhang, ). XCT has been used to evaluate the dimensional accuracy of uniform and gradient scaffolds (Wust et al ., ; Li et al ., ; Mandal et al ., ; Bittner et al ., ) as well as scaffolds with intricate geometries (i.e. diamond lattice, triply periodic minimal surfaces) that enhance cell migration while retaining high degree of mechanical and structural rigidity (Castro et al ., ; Li et al ., ).…”

Section: Xct Characterisation Of Scaffolds and Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of X‐ray computed tomography for the evaluation of biomaterial‐mediated bone regeneration in critical‐sized defects

Fernández

Witte²,

Tozzi

2019

Journal of Microscopy

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Bone as such displays an intrinsic regenerative potential following fracture; however, this capacity is limited with large bone defects that cannot heal spontaneously. The management of critical‐sized bone defects remains a major clinical and socioeconomic need with osteoregenerative biomaterials constantly under development aiming at promoting and enhancing bone healing. X‐ray computed tomography (XCT) has become a standard and essential tool for quantifying structure–function relationships in bone and biomaterials, facilitating the development of novel bone tissue engineering strategies. This paper presents recent advancements in XCT analysis of biomaterial‐mediated bone regeneration. As a noninvasive and nondestructive technique, XCT allows for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of three‐dimensional (3D) scaffolds and biomaterial microarchitecture, bone growth into the scaffold as well as the 3D characterisation of biomaterial degradation and bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, in combination with in situ mechanical testing and digital volume correlation (DVC), XCT demonstrated its potential to better understand the bone–biomaterial interactions and local mechanics of bone regeneration during the healing process in relation to the regeneration achieved in vivo, which will likely provide valuable knowledge for the development and optimisation of novel osteoregenerative biomaterials. Lay Description Bone, being a dynamically adaptable material, displays excellent regenerative properties following fracture. However, the self‐healing capacity of bone becomes more difficult with large bone defects. Those defects are common and occur in many clinical situations; hence, biomaterials are mostly used to restore both bone structure and function in the defect site. X‐ray computed tomography (XCT) is a powerful tool to evaluate bone regeneration in critical‐sized defects after the implantation of biomaterials, allowing to an improved understanding of the regeneration process following different bone tissue engineering approaches. This paper focuses on recent advancements in XCT analysis to characterise biomaterial‐mediated bone regeneration in critical‐sized defects. XCT supports three‐dimensional (3D) analysis of biomaterials, scaffolds and regenerated bone microarchitecture, as well as bone ingrowth into the scaffold. As a nondestructive technique, XCT allows for a 3D characterisation of biomaterial degradation and bone regeneration over time. In addition, XCT combined with in situ mechanical experiments and digital volume correlation (DVC) provides a 3D evaluation and quantification of bone–biomaterial interactions and deformation mechanisms during the regeneration process. This remains essential for the development and enhancement of novel biomaterials able to produce bone that is comparable with the native tissue they aim to replace.

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Section: Xct Characterisation Of Scaffolds and Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Xct Characterisation Of Scaffolds and Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Xct Characterisation Of Scaffolds and Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Applications of X‐ray computed tomography for the evaluation of biomaterial‐mediated bone regeneration in critical‐sized defects

Fernández

Witte²,

Tozzi

2019

Journal of Microscopy

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“…Timeline displaying a historical background of AM-Mg research and development, indicating "landmarks" since the first scientific study on utilisation of AM to sinter Mg powder, from [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The images shown in the left-hand side were reproduced with permission from Elsevier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most recently, studies regarding the microstructure and physical properties of SLM manufactured WE43 in the bulk as well as complex geometries have emerged. The first generation of SLM prepared WE43 scaffolds (often also termed topologically ordered porous structures) was produced and reported by Li et al [25]. In their study, they reported the in vitro biodegradation behaviour, mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the green specimens, surmising that SLM prepared samples exhibit the potential to satisfy the functional requirements of an ideal bone substituting material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A detailed microstructural and corrosion analysis of an additively manufactured magnesium alloy produced by selective laser melting

Esmaily¹,

Zeng²,

Mortazavi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Magnesium (Mg) alloys have promising potentials for lightweight and biomedical applications. Although there has been a recent interest in producing Mg alloys (including AZ, ZK and WE series) using additive manufacturing (AM), the process-structure-corrosion properties relationships in AM Mg alloys are yet to be understood. Herein, the production of Mg alloy WE43 was achieved by selective laser melting (SLM). The alloy was investigated after SLM, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) as well as an additional solutionising heat treatment. Specimens were carefully characterised, whilst assessed and contrast relative to the conventionally cast alloy counterpart. Characterisation included detailed microstructural analysis employing analytical transmission electron microscopy, X-ray mapping, and electron backscatter diffraction, which revealed the SLM prepared specimens possess a unique microstructure comprising fine grains growing with a strong [0001] texture along the building direction. The SLM prepared specimens also revealed a low fraction of process-induced and metallurgical defects, reaching < 0.1% after optimising the SLM parameters and HIP treatment. The SLM prepared WE43 was found to be cathodically more active relative to the cast WE43 because of a fine distribution of zirconium-, yttrium- and oxygen-rich particles as well as the alterations in the chemical composition of the solid-solution matrix originating from the high cooling rates of SLM. It was revealed that the oxide particles were mainly sourced by powder and thus it is hypothesised that the corrosion of SLM prepared Mg alloys could be greatly improved once the influence of powder characteristics is further understood and controlled.

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