Additives affect the distribution of metabolic profile, microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes in high-moisture sweet corn kernel silage

Wu, Zhaohai; Luo, Yingning; Bao, Jinze; Ying, Luo; Yu, Zhu

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123821

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The whole-plant corn silage has become a predominant forage for dairy industry worldwide ( Ferraretto et al, 2018 ) and is produced for feeding dairy cow throughout year. However, the previous studies mainly focused on the fermentation quality, microbial communities, metabolites, and aerobic stability in whole-plant corn silage with single moisture content for short- and medium-term preservation (less than 150 day) ( Guo et al, 2018 ; Xu et al, 2019 , 2020a , b ; Drouin et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2020 ). In the present study, the bacterial and fungal communities, metabolites, and aerobic stability of high- and low-moisture whole-plant corn silage preserved for long-term (350 day) was studied, which can help to regulate quality of whole-plant corn silage packed in end of silo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies investigated the metabolite profiles in whole-plant corn silages and alfalfa silages inoculated with LAB ( Guo et al, 2018 ; Xu et al, 2019 ). Wu et al (2020) revealed the distribution of metabolites in high-moisture sweet corn kernel silage. However, the metabolite dynamics in silages and the effects of aerobic stability on metabolite contents during aerobic exposure remain relatively uncharacterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The previous studies analyzed microbial communities and metabolites in silages for short- and medium-term storage (less than 150 day) ( Guo et al, 2018 ; Xu et al, 2019 , 2020a , b ; Drouin et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2020 ), while the microbial communities and metabolites are little known in long-preserved silage (more than 300 day). Moreover, the whole-plant corn silage is usually prepared for supplying to ruminant throughout year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities and Metabolites During Aerobic Exposure in Whole-Plant Corn Silages With Two Different Moisture Levels

et al. 2021

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The study was aimed to investigate the effect of moisture content on microbial communities, metabolites, fermentation quality, and aerobic stability during aerobic exposure in whole-plant corn silages preserved long time to improve the quality and aerobic stability of the silage during feed-out. Corn plants with two different moisture levels (high-moisture content, 680 g/kg; low-moisture content, 620 g/kg) were harvested at one-third and two-thirds milk-line stages, respectively, ensiled in laboratory-scale silos, and then sampled at 350 day after ensiling and at 2 and 5 day after opening to investigate bacterial and fungal communities, metabolites, and aerobic stability. High-moisture content increased aerobic stability and pH and decreased lactic acid and microbial counts in silages (P < 0.05). During aerobic exposure, the low-moisture silages had higher pH and lactic acid bacterial count and lower lactic acid than the high-moisture silages (P < 0.05); Acinetobacter sp. was the most main bacterial species in the silages; Candida glabrata and unclassified Candida had an increasing abundance and negatively correlation with aerobic stability of high-moisture silages (P < 0.05), while C. glabrata, Candida xylopsoci, unclassified Saccharomycetaceae, and unclassified Saccharomycetales negative correlated with aerobic stability of low-moisture silages (P < 0.05) with a rising Saccharomycetaceae; the silages had a reducing concentration of total metabolites (P < 0.05). Moreover, the high-moisture silages contained greater total metabolites, saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acid), essential fatty acids (linoleic acid), essential amino acids (phenylalanine), and non-essential amino acids (alanine, beta-alanine, and asparagine) than the low-moisture silages at 5 day of opening (P < 0.05). Thus, the high-moisture content improved the aerobic stability. Acinetobacter sp. and Candida sp. dominated the bacterial and fungal communities, respectively; Candida sp. resulted in the aerobic deterioration in high-moisture silages, while the combined activities of Candida sp. and Saccharomycetaceae sp. caused the aerobic deterioration in low-moisture silages. The greater aerobic stability contributed to preserve the palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, phenylalanine, alanine, beta-alanine, and asparagine during aerobic exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities and Metabolites During Aerobic Exposure in Whole-Plant Corn Silages With Two Different Moisture Levels

et al. 2021

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“…Some studies have reported the effect of inoculating on the metabolite contents of whole-plant corn silage, alfalfa silage, and sainfoin silage with LAB [6,9,12]; the dynamics of metabolites in whole-plant corn silages during fermentation process [6]; and the correlation of the main metabolites with the main bacterial species and fermentation quality in whole-plant corn silages [6]. Additionally, Wu et al [13] analysed the metabolic profiles of high-moisture sweetcorn kernel silages. Biogenic amines-a class of metabolites in silage-affect the palatability of silages, and the feed intake and performance of ruminants [14].…”

Section: Lactobacillus Dominates the Bacterial Succession And Determines The Fermentation Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Communities, Metabolites, Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability of Whole-Plant Corn Silage Collected from Family Farms in Desert Steppe of North China

Wang

Sun

et al. 2021

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Whole-plant corn silages on family farms were sampled in Erdos (S1), Baotou (S2), Ulanqab (S3), and Hohhot (S4) in North China, after 300 d of ensiling. The microbial communities, metabolites, and aerobic stability were assessed. Lactobacillusbuchneri, Acinetobacter johnsonii, and unclassified Novosphingobium were present at greater abundances than others in S2 with greater bacterial diversity and metabolites. Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus parafarraginis, Lactobacillus kefiri, and unclassified Lactobacillus accounted for 84.5%, and 88.2%, and 98.3% of bacteria in S1, S3, and S4, respectively. The aerobic stability and fungal diversity were greater in S1 and S4 with greater abundances of unclassified Kazachstania, Kazachstania bulderi, Candida xylopsoci, unclassified Cladosporium, Rhizopus microspores, and Candida glabrata than other fungi. The abundances of unclassified Kazachstania in S2 and K. bulderi in S3 were 96.2% and 93.6%, respectively. The main bacterial species in S2 were L. buchneri, A. johnsonii, and unclassified Novosphingobium; Lactobacillus sp. dominated bacterial communities in S1, S3, and S4. The main fungal species in S1 and S4 were unclassified Kazachstania, K. bulderi, C. xylopsoci, unclassified Cladosporium, R. microspores, and C. glabrata; Kazachstania sp. dominated fungal communities in S2 and S3. The high bacterial diversity aided the accumulation of metabolites, and the broad fungal diversity improved the aerobic stability.

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“…During the anaerobic fermentation, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) are metabolically decomposed into lactic acid by LAB until the pH drops to about 4.5. Additives can also improve the quality of the silage [ 11 ]. Common additive types include fermentation promoter and fermentation inhibitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential and effects of saline-alkali alfalfa microbiota under salt stress on the fermentation quality and microbial

et al. 2021

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Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical compositions and microbial communities of salt-tolerant alfalfa silage. Salt-tolerant alfalfa was ensiled with no additive control, and cellulase for 30 and 60 to 90 days. In this study, the dry matter (DM) content of the raw material was 29.9% DM, and the crude protein (CP) content of the alfalfa was 21.9% CP. Results After 30 days of fermentation, the DM content with the cellulase treatment was reduced by 3.6%, and the CP content was reduced by 12.7%. After 60 days of fermentation, compared with alfalfa raw material, the DM content in the control group (CK) was reduced by 1%, the CP content was reduced by 9.5%, and the WSC (water-soluble carbohydrates) content was reduced by 22.6%. With the cellulase, the lactic acid content of the 30- and 60-day silages was 2.66% DM and 3.48% DM. The content of Firmicutes in salinized alfalfa raw material was less than 0.1% of the total bacterial content. Before and after ensiling, the microbes had similar composition at the phylum level, and were composed of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. The abundance of Pantoea was dominant in fresh alfalfa. In the absence of additives, after 30 days and 60 days of silage, the dominant lactic acid bacteria species became Lactococcus and Enterococcus. Conclusions The results showed that LAB (Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus) played a major role in the fermentation of saline alfalfa silage. It also can better preserve the nutrients of saline alfalfa silage. The use of cellulase enhances the reproduction of Lactobacillus. The fermentation time would also change the microbial community of silage fermentation.

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Additives affect the distribution of metabolic profile, microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes in high-moisture sweet corn kernel silage

Cited by 42 publications

References 33 publications

Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities and Metabolites During Aerobic Exposure in Whole-Plant Corn Silages With Two Different Moisture Levels

Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities and Metabolites During Aerobic Exposure in Whole-Plant Corn Silages With Two Different Moisture Levels

Microbial Communities, Metabolites, Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability of Whole-Plant Corn Silage Collected from Family Farms in Desert Steppe of North China

The potential and effects of saline-alkali alfalfa microbiota under salt stress on the fermentation quality and microbial

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