Addressing emerging risks using carbon capture and storage as an example

Worldwide innovations in the development of carbon capture technologies and the utilization of CO2

“…19,127,128 Beside direct emissions at the power plant itself, other major contributors are upstream processes for coal supply or solvent production (post-/pre-combustion), oxygen supply (Oxyfuel), and downstream processes such as waste treatment but also transport and storage. The holistic approach of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) opens up the field of vision to additional fuel supply, changed waste composition and amounts as well as the environmental impact of chemicals (see, e.g.…”

“…Last but not least, the worldwide state of development for CCS and CO 2 -utilization is summarized (see also ref. [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Even though CO 2 -storage is not the priority of this paper, it is briefly reviewed for the sake of completeness.…”

Combining LCA and RA for the integrated risk management of emerging technologies

“…The example of the application of LCA to CCS is described by Wilday et al (2011) and resulted in the following conclusion related to the life cycle principle: the significance of upstream and downstream processes and the trade-off between GHG emissions and other impacts, illustrate the need of a life cycle approach in order to evaluate CCS technologies.…”

“…Secondly, LCA offers a systematic approach to analyse the risks of innovative technologies along their entire life cycle, from design, building, maintenance, operation to decommissioning ( §4), as illustrated by examples of for instance Shatkin (2008) and Wardak et al (2008). Thirdly, LCA offers an analytical tool to quantify the environmental impact of emerging technologies ( §5), as illustrated by examples of for instance Clift, Nicholas and Azapagic (1998), Huppes and Simonis (2000) and Wilday et al (2011). The paper concludes with final remarks and further research within a project on integrated risk management, called Integrisk (Integrisk 2009), commissioned by the seventh framework programme of the European commission ( §6).…”

Identification of Hazards and Environmental Impact Assessment for an Integrated Approach to Emerging risks of CO2 Capture Installations

“…While experience of CSS technology is lacking, significantly long timescales have to be taken into account because of the long-term nature of underground storage [10]; CCS is a complex system composed of 4 main sub-systems: capture, transport, injection and storage. From the technical point of view, an event or characteristic in one given element of the system may have an impact on other elements; From the social point of view, the whole chain (technology) is at stake.…”