Addressing Interfacial Issues in Liquid-Based and Solid-State Batteries by Atomic and Molecular Layer Deposition

Abstract

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have attracted increasing attention as one of the most promising next-generation batteries. However, various challenges remain for SSBs toward practical applications. Particularly, the interfacial issues between solid-state electrolyte (SSEs) and electrodes are critical factors affecting the performances of SSBs. Atomic and molecular layer deposition (ALD and MLD) are considered as ideal strategies for overcoming the interfacial issues facing SSBs. In the past years, promising progress has been reported using ALD/MLD to overcome the interfacial drawbacks in SSBs. In this Review, we summarize the recent progress of ALD/MLD techniques in the application of Li batteries, with a special focus on current progress in the shift from liquid to solid cells. Different sections, including the fabrication of interfacial materials, interfacial engineering on SSEs and electrodes, and thinfilm/3D SSBs, are discussed in detail. Moreover, the future directions and perspectives of ALD/MLD in interface engineering for SSBs are disclosed.

Facile Generation of Polymer–Alloy Hybrid Layers for Dendrite‐Free Lithium‐Metal Anodes with Improved Moisture Stability

“…[17] However,i ts high cost, the rather sophisticated process,a nd its poor ability to transport lithium ions hinder its large-scale application and further development. [18] Herein, we report afacile method to construct apolymeralloy hybrid layer on the Li metal surface (denoted as treated Li)t oi mprove performance and moisture stability.T his process simply involves dipping lithium metal into asolution of 0.1m SnCl 4 in tetrahydrofuran (THF), in which as imple chemical reaction occurs between Li metal and SnCl 4 to form the hybrid layer on the lithium metal surface. [19] Furthermore, propylene oxide (PO) promoted the polymerization reaction to increase the polymer content.…”

Key Aspects of Lithium Metal Anodes for Lithium Metal Batteries

“…In situ optical microscopy observations confirmed that the Li x Si‐modified Li anode showed dendrite‐free Li dissolution/deposition behavior, whereas a bare Li electrode suffered with obvious dendrite growth. The developments and understandings of MLD and ALD techniques for applications in batteries have been well reviewed recently …”

A novel organic/inorganic composite solid electrolyte with functionalized layers for improved room‐temperature rate performance of solid‐state lithium battery

“…28,29 To solve the interface problem of SE, many works have been focused on the modification of interfacial transition layers. Inorganic oxides, 30,31 carbon, 32 fluoride, 33 nitride, 6,34 polymer, [35][36][37] and their composites 23,38,39 were successively applied to Li anodes, showing good results in inhibiting Li dendrite growth and regulating Li uniform deposition. However, it is a difficulty to make modification directly on the surface of lithium metal because of its high vivacity.…”