Addressing Planthopper Threats to Asian Rice Farming and Food Security: Fixing Insecticide Misuse

Heong, K. L.; Wong, Larry C.Y.; Reyes, Joy Hasmin Delos

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9535-7_3

Cited by 66 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Further, the key actors, both local government and village chiefs, also recommended these methods (Table 1-2). In developing countries meanwhile, farmers tend to gain pest control information from their own experiences and the opinions of neighbors, extension services, the media, and pesticide sellers (Heong et al 2013, Jintana et al 2012, Nicholas et al 2003, Paul et al 2001, Stephanie 2008, Williamson et al 2003. Farmers in PR, PK, and PP communes used pesticides depending on sellers' opinions in purchasing chemical pesticides, although both key actors recommended the use of nets, oil mixture and pesticides to farmers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Farmers in PR, PK, and PP communes used pesticides depending on sellers' opinions in purchasing chemical pesticides, although both key actors recommended the use of nets, oil mixture and pesticides to farmers. The ADB (Asian Development Bank) reported that 20 to 80% of the rice farmers in ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian Nations) relied on local insecticide sellers for pest-management information, advice, and recommendations (Heong et al 2013). Although knowledge of a new product starts with the seller, diffusing new knowledge requires farmers in the community to exchange their experiences (Ryan & Gross 1943) The flow of information seems consistent with BPH damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Farmer Perceptions and Management of Rice Planthoppers in Cambodia

Matsukawa

Ito

Kawakita

et al. 2015

JARQ

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Solving big problems requires accurate information. Rice in the area of Cambodia near Vietnam was extensively damaged by the brown planthopper (BPH) from 2007 to 2009, with all districts in Takeo province in the area of Cambodia near Vietnam severely affected. How did farmers learn of methods to protect rice plants? This study seeks to reveal how methods to control the BPH were diffused in Cambodia through interviews with farmers, local governmental officials, and village chiefs in the target province. The farmers stated that they controlled the BPH with nets and beating as physical controls and spraying mixed oil & ash and chemical pesticides as chemical controls. They tended to source their own information and experiences of neighbors, government officials, and pesticide sellers, while farmers in three communes very severely affected by the BPH infestation followed the advice of sellers in employing pesticides. Further, most local government officials and village chiefs recommended using nets and spraying oil mixtures and chemical pesticides. The flow of information from the resource to individual farmers seemed to be linked to the level of BPH infestation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmer Perceptions and Management of Rice Planthoppers in Cambodia

Matsukawa

Ito

Kawakita

et al. 2015

JARQ

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“…11). The need for insecticide use in tropical rice is highly debated; several studies have shown that commonly used insecticides can cause the resurgence of rice pests such as the brown planthopper, stem boring caterpillars and even mosquitos (Bottrell and Schoenly 2012;Gurr et al 2011;Heong et al 2015). When such insecticides also reduce the numbers or effectiveness of natural enemies, favourable conditions for pest outbreaks are created (Bianchi et al 2006;Gurr et al 2011).…”

Section: Ecological Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The LEGATO cross-disciplinary integrated ecosystem service research framework: an example of integrating research results from the analysis of global change impacts and the social, cultural and economic system dynamics of irrigated rice production

Spangenberg

Beaurepaire

Bergmeier

et al. 2017

Paddy Water Environ

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In a cross-disciplinary project (LEGATO) combining inter-and transdisciplinary methods, we quantify the dependency of rice-dominated socio-ecological systems on ecosystem functions (ESF) and the ecosystem services (ESS) the integrated system provides. In the collaboration of a large team including geo-and bioscientists, economists, political and cultural scientists, the mutual influences of the biological, climate and soil conditions of the agricultural area and its surrounding natural landscape have been analysed. One focus was on sociocultural and economic backgrounds, another on local as well as regional land use intensity and biodiversity, and the potential impacts of future climate and land use change. LEGATO analysed characteristic elements of three service strands defined by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA): (a) provisioning services: nutrient cycling and crop production; (b) regulating services: biocontrol and pollination; and (c) cultural services: cultural identity and aesthetics. However, in line with much of the current ESS literature, what the MA called supporting services is treated as ESF within LEGATO. As a core output, LEGATO developed generally applicable principles of ecological engineering (EE), suitable for application in the context of future climate and land use change. EE is an emerging discipline, concerned with the design, monitoring and construction of ecosystems and aims at developing strategies to optimise ecosystem services through exploiting natural regulation mechanisms instead of suppressing them. Along these lines LEGATO also aims to create the knowledge base for decision-making for sustainable land management and livelihoods, including the provision of the corresponding governance and management strategies, technologies and system solutions.

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“…Severe infestations of brown planthopper have become more frequent in recent years in Indonesia and other tropical countries, due largely to the excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer on hybrid rice varieties and the misguided use of insecticides that destroy beneficial predators [81][82][83][84][85]). The loss of biodiversity in regions where rice production dominates the landscape also contributes to higher rates of infestation, as there is less supportive habitat for beneficial predators [86].…”

Section: Brown Planthoppersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Water and Soils to Achieve Adaptation and Reduce Methane Emissions and Arsenic Contamination in Asian Rice Production

Wichelns

2016

Water

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Rice production is susceptible to damage from the changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, and in the frequency of major storm events that will accompany climate change. Deltaic areas, in which millions of farmers cultivate from one to three crops of rice per year, are susceptible also to the impacts of a rising sea level, submergence during major storm events, and saline intrusion into groundwater and surface water resources. In this paper, I review the current state of knowledge regarding the potential impacts of climate change on rice production and I describe adaptation measures that involve soil and water management. In many areas, farmers will need to modify crop choices, crop calendars, and soil and water management practices as they adapt to climate change. Adaptation measures at the local, regional, and international levels also will be helpful in moderating the potential impacts of climate change on aggregate rice production and on household food security in many countries. Some of the changes in soil and water management and other production practices that will be implemented in response to climate change also will reduce methane generation and release from rice fields. Some of the measures also will reduce the uptake of arsenic in rice plants, thus addressing an important public health issue in portions of South and Southeast Asia. Where feasible, replacing continuously flooded rice production with some form of aerobic rice production, will contribute to achieving adaptation objectives, while also reducing global warming potential and minimizing the risk of negative health impacts due to consumption of arsenic contaminated rice.

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Addressing Planthopper Threats to Asian Rice Farming and Food Security: Fixing Insecticide Misuse

Cited by 66 publications

References 16 publications

Farmer Perceptions and Management of Rice Planthoppers in Cambodia

Farmer Perceptions and Management of Rice Planthoppers in Cambodia

The LEGATO cross-disciplinary integrated ecosystem service research framework: an example of integrating research results from the analysis of global change impacts and the social, cultural and economic system dynamics of irrigated rice production

Managing Water and Soils to Achieve Adaptation and Reduce Methane Emissions and Arsenic Contamination in Asian Rice Production

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