Addressing the Mental Health Concerns of International Students

Abstract

International students on the American college campus are a diverse and increasing population whose unique concerns are traditionally overlooked. However, given the evidence that the demands for cultural adjustments frequently place international students at greater risk for various psychological problems than are students in general, it is important that sufficient and readily accessible mental health services be established for them. This article examines the sources of international students' psychological concerns, the reasons for their notable underutilization of existing counseling services, and the ways to provide more culturally sensitive services.

Development and validation of the Acculturative Stress Scale for Chinese College Students in the United States (ASSCS).

“…Some studies show that women may be more at risk for problems than males (Carballo, 1994). However, other studies show that international male students suffer higher levels of acculturative stress than females (Mori, 2000 Education is a consistent negative predictor of acculturative stress (Berry, 1997).…”

“…One way their parents' SES influences acculturation is reflected in financial support. Many studies have found that financial difficulty is an important stressor for international students (Lin & Yi, 1997;Liu, 2009;Mori, 2000;Pan et al, 2010). Their visa statuses limit their ability to apply for financial aid and employment opportunities (Thomas & Althen, 1989).…”

“…Many studies have reported that Asian students have insufficient English proficiency (e.g., Constantine et al, 2004;Kuo & Roysircar, 2004;Mori, 2000;Yeh & Inose, 2002). In China, children begin to learn English from primary school or even earlier.…”

“…Studying in a foreign country can impose numerous challenges on international students, including linguistic, accommodation, dietary, academic, financial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal problems (Lin & Yi, 1997;Mori, 2000;Pan, Yue, & Chan, 2010).…”

“…However, more and more studies show that the mental problems of Chinese students are underestimated (Lin et al, 2001; Sandhu, 1997;Sue & Sue, 2003;Uba & Sue, 1991). Chinese people are underrepresented in mental health services, and they have much lower rates of mental health service utilization than other groups (Blignault, Ponzio, Rong, & Eisenbruch, 2008;Chen, Sullivan, Lu, & Shibusawa, 2003;Chin, 1998;Frey & Roysircar, 2006;Lee & Zane, 1998;Mori, 2000;Shen & Takeuchi, 2001;Yeh & Inose, 2002). Moreover, there are many cultural constraints preventing Chinese students from recognizing acculturative stress and effectively coping with ensuing problems.…”