Adenocarcinoma of the Small Intestine in a Ringed Seal from Hudson Bay

Mikaelian, Igor; Leclair, Daniel; Inukpuk, Joanassie

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-37.2.379

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…While neoplasia is generally a non-infectious disease, increased trends in this disease can be indicative of overall health status in AMMs. Sporadic reports exist in the literature of neoplasia in AMMs including pulmonary mast cell tumours in walruses [ 373 ], brainstem carcinoma in white whales [ 374 ], and adenocarcinoma in ringed seals [ 375 ]. In over 1800 cetaceans examined from 1973 to 1987 from stranding networks in the USA, the diagnosis of tumours was very low (14/1800), with fibromas being found to be most numerous [ 323 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Circumpolar Arctic Marine Mammal Health—A Call to Action in a Time of Rapid Environmental Change

et al. 2023

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The impacts of climate change on the health of marine mammals are increasingly being recognised. Given the rapid rate of environmental change in the Arctic, the potential ramifications on the health of marine mammals in this region are a particular concern. There are eleven endemic Arctic marine mammal species (AMMs) comprising three cetaceans, seven pinnipeds, and the polar bear (Ursus maritimus). All of these species are dependent on sea ice for survival, particularly those requiring ice for breeding. As air and water temperatures increase, additional species previously non-resident in Arctic waters are extending their ranges northward, leading to greater species overlaps and a concomitant increased risk of disease transmission. In this study, we review the literature documenting disease presence in Arctic marine mammals to understand the current causes of morbidity and mortality in these species and forecast future disease issues. Our review highlights potential pathogen occurrence in a changing Arctic environment, discussing surveillance methods for 35 specific pathogens, identifying risk factors associated with these diseases, as well as making recommendations for future monitoring for emerging pathogens. Several of the pathogens discussed have the potential to cause unusual mortality events in AMMs. Brucella, morbillivirus, influenza A virus, and Toxoplasma gondii are all of concern, particularly with the relative naivety of the immune systems of endemic Arctic species. There is a clear need for increased surveillance to understand baseline disease levels and address the gravity of the predicted impacts of climate change on marine mammal species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Circumpolar Arctic Marine Mammal Health—A Call to Action in a Time of Rapid Environmental Change

et al. 2023

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“…Suggested predisposing factors for intestinal adenocarcinoma in sheep are old age, dietary carcinogens, pastures with heavy fertilizer and herbicide use, genetics (e.g., meat-producing breeds), oncogenic viruses, bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum), and crested dog's-tail (Cynosurus cristatus). 26,[30][31][32]45,46 There are a few reports of intestinal adenocarcinoma in wildlife species, mostly focused on nonhuman primates (rhesus macaques, common marmosets), 29,47 snakes, 19,41 amphibians, 22,48 foxes, 8 seals, 28 opossums, 38 and fish, 6,13 with a possible infectious etiology in fish. In nonhuman primates, dysplasia and carcinoma of the distal portion of the colon have been reported in captive cotton-topped tamarins (Saguinus leucopus).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…There are a few reports of intestinal adenocarcinoma in wildlife species, mostly focused on nonhuman primates (rhesus macaques, common marmosets), 29,47 snakes, 19,41 amphibians, 22,48 foxes, 8 seals, 28 opossums, 38 and fish, 6,13 with a possible infectious etiology in fish. In nonhuman primates, dysplasia and carcinoma of the distal portion of the colon have been reported in captive cotton-topped tamarins ( Saguinus leucopus ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Colonic mucinous adenocarcinoma in a tufted deer: differential diagnosis and literature review

et al. 2022

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An 18-y-old female tufted deer ( Elaphodus cephalophus) had a short history of chronic diarrhea, progressive weight loss, and hindlimb instability. Given the poor prognosis, the deer was euthanized and submitted for postmortem examination. The most significant gross finding was segmental and multinodular mural thickening of the proximal colon. On cut surface of the affected colonic segments, 0.5–2-cm diameter, intramural, multiloculated, cystic structures containing gray, translucent, gelatinous material elevated the edematous mucosa. Microscopically, the intramural cystic structures were filled with mucinous matrix admixed with foamy macrophages, and lined by discontinuous segments of well-differentiated columnar, pancytokeratin-positive epithelium with basilar nuclei. Multifocally, transition was observed from hyperplastic mucosal crypt epithelium to dysplastic or neoplastic columnar and flattened epithelium lining submucosal and serosal cysts. Cyst lumina were irregularly disrupted by polypoid ingrowths of collagenous tissue covered by attenuated epithelium. Based on these findings, we diagnosed a well-differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma. Although intestinal adenocarcinomas have been described in humans and animals, they are considered uncommon in most domestic species, except for sheep, for which genetic and environmental factors appear to influence occurrence. Our report addresses the knowledge gap regarding intestinal adenocarcinomas affecting cervids and specifically the tufted deer, a less-studied, near-threatened Asian cervid.

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“…Adenocarcinomas of the small intestine, lung, and uterus have recently been reported in a Steller sea lion (Eumatopias jubatus), a beluga, and a ringed seal (Phoca hispida) (Lair et al, 1998;Sato et al, 1998;Mikaelian et al, 2001). Tumors in elephant seals appear to be rare, with only one neoplasm, a granulosa cell tumor, reported in a southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina; MawdesleyThomas, 1971).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, less than 10 postmortem examinations have been performed on adult elephant seals and the prevalence of neoplasia in older animals of this species is unknown. There has been an increase in the number of reports of neoplasia in marine mammals in recent years (Gulland et al, 2001;Mikaelian et al, 2001). This increase may be due to a real increase in the incidence of neoplasia, it may be due to the increase in the number of pathologists examining marine mammals, or a combination of both.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biliary Adenocarcinoma in a Stranded Northern Elephant Seal (Mirounga angustirostris)

Fauquier

Gulland

Haulena

et al. 2003

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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A stranded adult female northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) was admitted to a rehabilitation hospital grossly underweight and lethargic in April 2001. The animal was icteric, had severe bilirubinemia, and elevated serum gamma glutamyl transferase concentrations. Laparoscopy under anesthesia revealed multiple masses up to 3 cm diameter throughout the liver and spleen and the animal was euthanized. Abnormal gross postmortem findings included green serous fluid in the abdominal cavity and 0.5 to 3 cm diameter yellow nodules scattered throughout the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Histopathology revealed a biliary adenocarcinoma with metastases to the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, adrenal gland, and pancreas. This is believed to be the first reported case of neoplasia in a northern elephant seal

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Adenocarcinoma of the Small Intestine in a Ringed Seal from Hudson Bay

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

A Review of Circumpolar Arctic Marine Mammal Health—A Call to Action in a Time of Rapid Environmental Change

A Review of Circumpolar Arctic Marine Mammal Health—A Call to Action in a Time of Rapid Environmental Change

Colonic mucinous adenocarcinoma in a tufted deer: differential diagnosis and literature review

Biliary Adenocarcinoma in a Stranded Northern Elephant Seal (Mirounga angustirostris)

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