Adenocarcinoma within a tailgut cyst

Costa, Nuno André Almeida; Rio, Gisela

doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-226107

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The eligible papers and Table give a good impression of the typical case. The relative risk for malignant transformation was raised in the case of finding nodular thickening of the cyst wall on radiology ( P = 0.0023).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant transformation of tailgut cysts is significantly higher than previously reported: systematic review of cases in the literature

et al. 2019

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Aim The best treatment for tailgut cysts has not been firmly established. We report a systematic review of the cases in the available literature in order to provide an evidence base for treatment. Method A systematic search of articles wholly or partly in English was made of PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar; additional studies were discovered by searching reference lists and contacting authors directly. Search terms ‘tailgut cyst’, ‘tail gut cyst’, ‘retrorectal hamartoma’ and ‘retrorectal tumour’ were used for case reports or case series; no publication date restrictions were imposed. Only studies with histological confirmation of diagnosis and reporting the age and gender of patients were included. Papers were excluded by consensus between the first two authors. Results A total of 196 individual cases were analysed in detail including 51 cases of neoplasia. The overall rate of neoplastic transformation was 26.6%. Although the male:female cyst incidence ratio was 1:4, men over 18 had a significantly greater relative risk of neoplasm at 1.94 (P = 0.0055). Radiological evidence of nodular thickening of the cyst wall significantly increased the relative risk of the presence of cancer (P = 0.0023). Conclusions Current orthodoxy that these are not dangerous embryological remnants is unfounded and may be false. The available data suggest the risk of malignant transformation is high and will apply to any residual tissue after excision. The same rationale behind total mesorectal excision in rectal cancer applies to tailgut cysts. Consequently they should be resected with similar oncological margins.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant transformation of tailgut cysts is significantly higher than previously reported: systematic review of cases in the literature

et al. 2019

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“…CT and MRI can help to detect malignant transformation areas as they show suspicious features such as irregular mass contours, contrast enhancement within the cyst or nodular wall thickening as in our case. 11 TGC should be distinguished from other lesions which may occur in the retrorectal space including teratomas, epidermal cysts, anal gland cysts and chordomas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a tailgut cyst: role of radiotherapy

et al. 2022

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Tailgut cysts (TGCs) are rare tumours which can undergo malignant transformation. The gold standard of treatment is complete surgical excision. Multidisciplinary assessment is advisable in order to apply adjuvant treatment. Postoperative radiotherapy should be given in case of compromised surgical margins or other factors such as high histological grade or perineural and lymphovascular invasion. Here, we present a case of a squamous cell carcinoma arising from a retrorectal TGC treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy and review the main indications and techniques of this therapy.

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“…For tumours that extend above S4, the abdominal or abdominal-perineal approach is suggested[ 16 ]. When TC is malignant, many studies suggest that treatment should include adjuvant radiation therapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy[ 6 , 17 - 19 ]. Martins et al [ 20 ] suggest both radiation therapy and chemotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucinous adenocarcinoma arising from a tailgut cyst: A case report

Malliou¹,

Syrnioti²,

Κoletsa³

et al. 2022

World J Clin Oncol

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BACKGROUND Retrorectal hamartomas or tailgut cysts (TCs) are rare. In most cases, they are asymptomatic and benign; however, rarely, they undergo malignant transformation, mainly in the form of adenocarcinoma. CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old woman presented to our hospital with lower back pain. On magnetic resonance imaging, a large pelvic mass was found, which was located on the right of the ischiorectal fossa, extending to the minor pelvis. The patient underwent extensive surgical resection of the lesion through the right buttock. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a retrorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma originating from a TC. Surgical resection of the tumour was complete, and the patient recovered without complications. The pilonidal sinus was then excised. One year later, semi-annual positron emission tomography-computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans did not reveal any evidence of local recurrence or metastatic disease. CONCLUSION Preoperative recognition, histological diagnosis, and treatment of TCs pose significant challenges. In addition, the possibility of developing invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma, although rare, should be considered.

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Adenocarcinoma within a tailgut cyst

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Malignant transformation of tailgut cysts is significantly higher than previously reported: systematic review of cases in the literature

Malignant transformation of tailgut cysts is significantly higher than previously reported: systematic review of cases in the literature

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a tailgut cyst: role of radiotherapy

Mucinous adenocarcinoma arising from a tailgut cyst: A case report

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