Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor of the maxilla mimicking a dentigerous cyst

Abstract

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a rare benign tumor which originates in the odontogenic epithelium. Some theories indicate its glandular origin because of the incidence in the same embryological pouch. This form of odontogenic tumor rarely metastasizes and generally only requires regional excisional biopsy within healthy tissues. The tumor is commonly associated with an unerupted tooth, mimicking a dentigerous cyst. AOTs are usually located in the anterior portion of the maxilla and are seen more frequently in young female patients and occur in the second decade of life. These are mostly asymptomatic small lesions discovered incidentally on panoramic radiograph; however, when a bacterial co-infection is present, their diagnosis can be troublesome. Treatment is conservative enucleation and curettage. In most cases recurrences are rare. Due to the rare occurrence of this lesion and its clinical features, the authors described a case of AOT in a 15-year old female presenting as a cystic mass associated with unerupted maxillary anterior teeth.