Adenovirus 36 and Obesity in Children and Adolescents

Gabbert, Charles; Donohue, Michael C.; Arnold, John; Schwimmer, Jeffrey B.

doi:10.1542/peds.2009-3362

Cited by 87 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A cross-sectional study of 8-18-year olds in the USA also showed a clear association between Ad-36 seropositivity and obesity and body weight. 9 Although these results provide compelling support for the infectobesity concept, other studies do not support this concept. A study of Dutch and Belgian people found that Ad-36 infection was unlikely to be associated with obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Association of human adenovirus-36 in overweight Korean adults

Kim

Lee

et al. 2011

Int J Obes

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Background: Although human adenovirus-36 (Ad-36) has been reported to be associated with obesity in US adults and children, Korean children and the Italian population, the association has not been found in Dutch or Belgian populations or in US military subjects. Therefore, we examined whether Ad-36 infection is associated with obesity in Korean adults. Methods: A total of 540 age-and sex-matched individuals, who were normal weight, overweight or obese, were selected from participants in routine health examinations at the Ewha Womans University Medical Center. Overweight participants were defined as those with a body mass index (BMI) of 23pBMIo25 kg m À2 and obese subjects were those with BMIX25 kg m À2 , according to the International Obesity Task Force definition. Ad-36 antibody was measured using a serum neutralization assay. Results: Although more overweight participants than normal or obese subjects tested positive for the Ad-36 antibody (40%, 32.8% and 30%, respectively), the differences were not significant. The participants who tested positive for Ad-36 antibody had lower levels of triglycerides (TG) in each of the three groups, higher total cholesterol (TC) in the obese group and higher highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in both the normal and obese groups. The odds ratio (OR) for Ad-36 antibody positivity was greater in overweight than in normal subjects (OR ¼ 2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16-3.55) after adjusting for age, sex and waist circumference. However, this OR was non-significant in the obese group (OR ¼ 1.56; 95% CI, 0.67-3.67).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Association of human adenovirus-36 in overweight Korean adults

Kim

Lee

et al. 2011

Int J Obes

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“…The worldwide nearly simultaneous manifestations of obesity can be explained by changes in food intake and exercise, but a contribution of infectious factors is plausible [35]. The association of Ad36 seropositivity with obesity is confirmed in adults [36] and in children [37][38][39]. Moreover, Ad36 seropositive status (Ad36?)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenovirus-36 Seropositivity Enhances Effects of Nutritional Intervention on Obesity, Bright Liver, and Insulin Resistance

et al. 2011

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Ad36 previous infection is significantly associated with enhanced weight loss, bright liver disappearance, and recovery of insulin sensitivity through the chosen tailored nutritional interventional treatment. Nonetheless, Ad36 seronegative NAFLD patients' fatty liver pattern improves, at a lower extent, also without significant weight loss: an effect of dietary changes profile, Mediterranean diet, not only of lowered food caloric intake, is conceivably operating.

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“…6,7 In addition, other studies using the Italian and the US children and adolescents demonstrated the association between the Ad-36 antibody and obesity. 8,9 Currently, little is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying Ad-36-induced obesity. Recently, Ad-36 E4 orf-1 was identified as a novel inducer of the rodent and human adipocyte differentiation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel genes and cellular pathways related to infection with adenovirus-36 as an obesity agent in human mesenchymal stem cells

Kim

2011

Int J Obes

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Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying adenovirus-36 (Ad-36)-induced obesity by the identification of novel genes and cellular pathways. Design: Viral growth, intracellular lipid accumulation and gene expression profiles were determined in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) infected with Ad-36 or Ad-2. A microarray assay and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to assess alterations in global gene expression profiles. Results: Ad-36, but not Ad-2, induced lipid accumulation and upregulated adipogenesis-related genes. There was no difference in viral growth between Ad-36 infection and Ad-2 infection in hMSCs. GSEA revealed that Ad-36 infection was more frequently associated with activation of novel pathways, including the PPAR-gamma signaling pathway, and inflammation compared with Ad-2 infection, raising the possibility that these pathways may be key regulators of Ad-36-induced adipogenesis. Conclusion: This study may help foster a better understanding of the roles of several cellular factors in Ad-36-induced obesity.

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Adenovirus 36 and Obesity in Children and Adolescents

Abstract: These data support an association of obesity and higher body weight with the presence of neutralizing antibodies to AD36 in children. If a cause-and-effect relationship is established, it would have considerable implications for the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.

Cited by 87 publications

References 24 publications

Association of human adenovirus-36 in overweight Korean adults

Association of human adenovirus-36 in overweight Korean adults

Adenovirus-36 Seropositivity Enhances Effects of Nutritional Intervention on Obesity, Bright Liver, and Insulin Resistance

Novel genes and cellular pathways related to infection with adenovirus-36 as an obesity agent in human mesenchymal stem cells

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