Adenoviruses Isolated from Saudi Arabia

Bell, Samuel D.; Chang, Robert S.; McComb, Dorothy E.; Theobald, Barbara; Snyder, John C.; Murray, Edward S.; Rota, Theresa Rondon

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1959.8.492

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Ad16 may also be uniquely important in this region. The prototype Ad16 (strain Ch 79) was previously isolated in the Middle East from a conjunctivitis/trachoma patient in Saudi Arabia (2,23). Ad16 has occasionally been reported outside the Middle East by broad surveys, associated with symptomologies including respiratory disease (4,33).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR Analysis of Egyptian Respiratory Adenovirus Isolates, Including Identification of Species, Serotypes, and Coinfections

et al. 2005

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Eighty-eight adenovirus (Ad) isolates and associated clinical data were collected from walk-in patients with influenza-like illness in Egypt during routine influenza surveillance from 1999 through 2002. Respiratory Ad distributions are geographically variable, and serotype prevalence has not been previously characterized in this region. Serotype identity is clinically relevant because it predicts vaccine efficacy and correlates strongly with both clinical presentation and epidemiological pattern. Species and serotype identities were determined using several well-validated multiplex PCR protocols culled from the literature and supplemented with a few novel primer sets designed to identify rare types. The isolates included common species B1 serotypes (Ad3 and Ad7), common species C serotypes (Ad1, Ad2, and Ad5), the less common species B2 serotype Ad11, and three isolates of the rare species B1 serotype Ad16. Two isolates that appear to be variant Ad16 were also identified. Fifteen coinfections of multiple adenoviral types, primarily AdB/AdC and Ad3/Ad7 dual infections, were detected. The majority of these were verified using redundant PCR tests targeted at multiple genes. PCR is able to resolve coinfections, in contrast to traditional serum neutralization tests. PCR is also comparatively rapid and requires very little equipment. Application of the method allowed an inclusive determination of the serotypes found in the Egyptian respiratory sample set and demonstrated that coinfections are common and may play a previously unrecognized role in adenovirus pathogenesis, evolution, and epidemiology. In particular, coinfections may influence adenoviral evolution, as interserotypic recombination has been identified as a source of emerging strains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR Analysis of Egyptian Respiratory Adenovirus Isolates, Including Identification of Species, Serotypes, and Coinfections

et al. 2005

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“…These infections were caused by Ad19a, an emerging genome type distinct from the Ad19 prototype virus (35). In contrast to Ad19a, the prototype virus (Ad19p) has been isolated only once according to the literature, in Saudi Arabia in 1955, and was not associated with EKC (8). Ad37 emerged in 1976, and like Ad19a, it was also found to cause EKC (17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Adenovirus Type 37 Uses Sialic Acid as a Cellular Receptor on Chang C Cells

Arnberg

Pring-Åkerblom

Wadell

2002

J Virol

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“…This was a similar experience in a double blind study by Pavan-Langston in 1972. l 4 Conchions 422 patients with suspected E.K.C. were studied between 1976-79.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Adenovirus type 19 was first isolated from the conjunctiva in 1955 in Saudi Arabia. 4 Recently it has been associated with E.K.C. outbreaks in U.S.A. and Canada' 6 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%