Adequate Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis Model in Mice and Effective Outcome Measurement Method

Abstract

Background:Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model is used for research of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to establish the adequate conditions for DSS mice model, and to find useful tool to measure inflammation.Methods:The 2.5% DSS was administered to six male C57BL/6 mice and 4% DSS to eight mice at 5 or 9 weeks of age. Each group was consisted of 6 mice with control group in which vehicle was administered instead of DSS. The mice were sacrificed on the 7th day after DSS or vehicle administration. Body weight, diarrhea, and hematochezia were recorded daily. Disease activity index (DAI) score which was composed of body weight change, diarrhea, and hematochezia was measured every day. Colon length was measured after sacrifice and colon mucosal level of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) was measured by ELISA assay. Histological score was compared between ascending and descending colon in the DSS group.Results:Colon length of five- and nine-week DSS group was significantly shorter than each control group but there was no statistical significance depending on DSS concentration or age. DAI score of 4% DSS group in nine-week was significantly higher than that five-week (P = 0.012) but there was no difference between 2.5% and 4% DSS group. The level of IL-1β in DSS mice was much higher than control group (P < 0.01), but there was no difference among several DSS groups. The histological score was higher in the descending colon than in the ascending colon but there was no statistical difference between each pair of DSS groups.Conclusions:The 4% DSS mice in nine-week was adequate for DSS-induced colitis model. DAI score was useful tool and descending colon was more appropriate site for histological evaluation of colitis than ascending colon.

Temporal clinical, proteomic, histological and cellular immune responses of dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis

“…Our data contradicts the previous report[ 9 ], in which animals started to improve clinically and histologically after DSS withdrawal. These differences between studies may reflect the influence of the microbiome and/or the animals’ age, as previously reported in experimental DSS colitis[ 27 , 28 ]. In addition, it has been reported that UC patients in clinical and endoscopic based remission presenting with active histological inflammation possess a higher risk for clinical relapse[ 29 , 30 ].…”

Malt1 blocks IL-1β production by macrophages in vitro and limits dextran sodium sulfate-induced intestinal inflammation in vivo

“…A). Colon length decreases during DSS‐induced colitis and is a measure of disease severity . On day 7, mice were euthanized and the length of harvested colon tissue was measured.…”

“…Colon length decreases during DSS-induced colitis and is a measure of disease severity. 49 To determine if the level of inflammatory cytokines was increased in colon tissue homogenates after DSS treatment, inflammatory cytokines in mice colon tissue homogenates were assayed by ELISA ( Fig. 1D).…”

Hyaluronidase inhibits reactive adipogenesis and inflammation of colon and skin

“…Mice were sacrificed and distal colon, mesenteric fat, and blood were collected for RNA, histology, bacterial culture assay, and toxin analysis. Histological scores were measured as previously described (49)(50)(51).…”