Adesão à dieta por idosos com síndrome metabólica assistidos na Estratégia Saúde da Família: frequência e associação com depressão

Abstract

Este artigo está licenciado sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional, que permite uso irrestrito, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, desde que a publicação original seja corretamente citada. EMI-SUS).A avaliação da adesão à dieta foi realizada através de um questionário, elaborado pelos pesquisadores com base nas recomendações da I Diretriz Brasileira de Síndrome Metabólica, sobre a adesão a oito possíveis orientações dietéticas recebidas de profissionais da saúde (em relação à ingestão de "alimentos integrais", "doces", "açúcar", "frutas/verduras/legumes", "sal", "alimentos gordurosos/frituras", "alimentos processados" e "peixes" A questionnaire developed by the researchers based on the recommendations of the I Brazilian Guideline for Metabolic Syndrome was used to evaluate compliance with eight possible dietary guidelines provided by health professionals (intake of "whole foods", "sweets", "sugar", "fruits/vegetables/legumes", "salt", "fatty foods/fried foods", "processed foods" and "fish"). Diet adherence was considered when an individual followed all dietary guidelines (regardless of their number, which ranged from one to eight). The diagnosis of depression was based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview instrument, used by psychiatrists. Results: A total of 109 elderly patients were included in the study, most of whom were female (67.9%). The mean age was 68.4±6.6 years (61-90 years). Thirty-seven elderly patients (33.9%) were considered adherent to the diet. Lower salt intake was the dietary guidance with greater adherence (89.1%) while the consumption of whole foods exhibited less adherence (59.7%). There was no association of diet adherence with sociodemographic and clinical parameters and with metabolic syndrome components. The frequency of adherence to the recommendation against the consumption of sugar and sweets was significantly lower among individuals with depression (43.9% vs 34.9%; p = 0.001).Conclusions: Diet adherence occurred in one third of elderly patients with metabolic syndrome treated at the primary health care level. There was lower adherence to the recommendation against the consumption of sweets and sugar in individuals diagnosed with depression.KEY WORDS: elderly; metabolic syndrome X; feeding behavior; depression; primary health care.

Benefícios Da Terapia Nutricional Em Paciente Com Síndrome Metabólica E Insuficiência Renal: Relato De Caso

“…Given the worsening of the patient's anthropometry, his food plan might have not been good, a result similar to a study conducted with elderly patients with metabolic syndrome, in which only a third of the studied population presented adherence to the diet 15 , which reinforces that the adoption of a healthy eating plan is essential in the treatment of SM, which aims to improve insulin sensitivity and prevent cardiovascular and metabolic changes associated with it.…”

Factors related to self-care activities adherence of older adults with diabetes

“…A study in Porto Alegre described the frequency of adherence to diet and analyzed its association with depression in the elderly population with metabolic syndrome and found that 72 participants (66.1%) were classified as non-adherent and 37 (33.9%) were considered adherent. In the depressed elderly participants, adherence to the guidelines to avoid the consumption of sweets and sugar was lower (JACONDINO et al, 2016).…”

Prevalência e fatores relacionados a sintomas depressivos em pessoas com Diabetes mellitus tipo 2

“…Por sua vez, a correlação positiva entre o estado nutricional e sintomas depressivos constitui indicativo da necessidade de estes aspectos serem considerados no planejamento da assistência, uma vez que indivíduos que possuem DM2 e depressão, concomitantemente, podem apresentar maior dificuldade na implementação de mudanças na alimentação, em decorrência de reduzida motivação (18) . Estudo de coorte realizado com 1.201 indivíduos com DM2 ao longo de cinco anos, apontou que a prevalência de depressão foi persistente durante todo o período nos indivíduos com IMC mais elevado, fato este que reitera a necessidade de intervenções precoces e intensivas em indivíduos com essa sobreposição de diagnósticos (19) .…”