Adgrg6/Gpr126 is required for myocardial Notch activity and N-cadherin localization to attain trabecular identity

Abstract

How adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) control development remains unclear. The aGPCR Adgrg6/Gpr126 has been associated with heart trabeculation. Defects in this process cause cardiomyopathies and embryonic lethality. Yet, how cardiomyocytes attain trabecular identity is poorly understood. Here, we show that Gpr126 regulates Notch activity and N-cadherin localization that are necessary for attaining trabecular identity in zebrafish. Maternal zygotic gpr126stl47 early truncation mutants exhibit hypotrabeculation whereby N-cadherin distributes randomly at apical/basal membranes of compact layer cardiomyocytes. In contrast, gpr126st49 mutants expressing a N-terminal fragment lacking the GPS motif (NTFΔGPS) exhibit a multilayered ventricular wall consisting of polarized cardiomyocytes with normal N-cadherin expression and increased Notch signaling. Notably, endocardially expressed C-terminal fragment (CTF) reinstates trabeculation in gpr126st49 mutants. Collectively, our data indicate domain-specific roles of Gpr126 during trabeculation whereby the NTF maintains cell-cell adhesion and is required for compact wall integrity, while the CTF is essential to provide trabecular identity.