ADHD: a hidden comorbidity in adult psychiatric patients

Bitter, István; Mohr, Pavel; Balogh, Lídia; Látalová, Klára; Kakuszi, Brigitta; Stopková, Pavla; Zmeškalová-Jelenová, Daniela; Pulay, Attila J.; Czobor, Pál

doi:10.1007/s12402-019-00285-9

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The strongest predictors of poor quality of life in adults newly diagnosed with ADHD was found to be the cooccurring anxiety and depression [8]. Conversely, prevalence among psychiatric patients rates of co-occurring ADHD range from 10 to 20% [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime co-occurring psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or/and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

et al. 2020

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Background: Co-occurring psychiatric disorders in adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and/ or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) contribute to the burden of the healthcare and possibly to the delay of diagnosis. Aim of the study was to clinically assess the prevalence and compare lifetime co-occurring psychopathology in a sample of newly diagnosed ADHD and/or ASD adults and discuss the diagnostic challenges they pose. Methods: The lifetime prevalence rates of ten of the most frequently co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses was registered in 336 adults of normal intelligence who underwent a thorough clinical evaluation for the diagnosis of ADHD and/or ASD for the first time in their lives. Four study groups were formed: the ADHD (n = 151), the ASD (n = 58), the ADHD+ASD (n = 28) and the nonADHD/nonASD (NN) (n = 88) group. Results: At least one co-occurring psychopathology was found in 72.8% of the ADHD group, in 50% of the ASD group, in 72.4% of the ADHD+ASD group and in 76.1% of the NN group (p = 0.004). In all groups the most frequent psychiatric disorder was depressive disorder. The only significant difference regarding the patterns of psychiatric cooccurrence between the ADHD and the nonADHD groups (ASD and NN groups) was found for SUD (p = 0.001). Also, the proportion of subjects with Bipolar Disorder was significantly greater in the NN group as compared to those with ASD (p = 0.025). Conclusions: Our results support the high prevalence of co-occurring psychiatric disorders in adults with ADHD and/or ASD with the ASD group presenting the lowest rate. The most marked difference between the ADHD and the nonADHD groups was found for SUD. Moreover, our findings highlight the need for a thorough clinical assessment of all referred patients both in the presence and absence of ADHD and/or ASD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime co-occurring psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or/and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

et al. 2020

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“…Despite increasing awareness, ADHD still features as “hidden” comorbidity, often not diagnosed even in patients under psychiatric treatment for other psychiatric disorders [78]. In SUD patients, accurate identification of ADHD might be further complicated by cognitive and psychosocial problems that hinder individuals’ ability to reflect upon their difficulties and report them [24-26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Utility of the CPT in the Diagnosis of ADHD in Individuals with Substance Abuse: A Systematic Review

Slobodin

2020

Eur Addict Res

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Background: Early identification of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) is important because ADHD has an adverse effect on the development and course of SUD. Given the limited validity of self-report measures of ADHD in individuals with SUD, it is important to investigate the utility of the continuous performance test (CPT) in classifying ADHD in adults with SUD. Objective: This review aims to examine the quantitative similarities and differences in CPT performance of adults with ADHD, SUD, and their comorbidity to determine if a distinct neurocognitive profile exists for each. Method: A systematic review of CPT studies that included patients with the comorbidity of ADHD and SUD and a comparison group of one of the disorders alone was conducted. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. Results: Eight studies were identified with sample sizes ranging from n = 17 to n = 386. The comorbidity of ADHD and SUD was, mostly, not associated with higher rates of commission and omission errors than either disorder alone. However, the comorbidity of ADHD and SUD was more likely to be associated with increased deficits in response time variability compared with individuals with ADHD alone. Conclusions: This review highlights the shortage of large-scale CPT research involving patients with ADHD and SUD. The CPT might be sensitive to attentional deficits, but it lacks specificity for the classification of adult ADHD, SUD, or their comorbidity, and the CPT is thus not useful in discriminating comorbid ADHD and SUD from either disorder alone. Future CPT research should explore whether specific attentional deficits account for the development and persistence of SUD. Such research should also reach beyond traditional CPT measures and include other cognitive and behavioral deficits that were associated with ADHD, such as distractibility and hyperactivity.

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“…Persons with ADHD have an increased coexistence of e.g. depression, stress syndrome, anxiety, bipolar syndrome, emotional instability, personality syndrome and autism (Bitter et al, 2019, Solberg et al, 2019National Board of Health and Welfare, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Belonging to a Context: A Nurse-Led Lifestyle Intervention for Adult Persons with ADHD

Björk

Rönngren

Wall

2020

Issues in Mental Health Nursing

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Living with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and mental illness involves an increased risk of lifestyle-related diseases. Although there are several ways to provide support to adult persons with ADHD, there is a lack of non-medical strategies for this purpose. This study explore how adult persons with ADHD with mental illness experienced taking part in a nurse-led lifestyle intervention. Fifteen participants participated in a 52-week lifestyle intervention. The analysis revealed two main categories; Building trusting relationships and Health together. This nurse-led lifestyle intervention could be an alternative or complement to current approaches to promoting health in adults with ADHD.

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ADHD: a hidden comorbidity in adult psychiatric patients

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Lifetime co-occurring psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or/and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Lifetime co-occurring psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or/and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

The Utility of the CPT in the Diagnosis of ADHD in Individuals with Substance Abuse: A Systematic Review

The Importance of Belonging to a Context: A Nurse-Led Lifestyle Intervention for Adult Persons with ADHD

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